Table 4 Clinical factors in the single-surgery group and repetitive-surgery group of either idiopathic or acquired superior oblique muscle palsy
Idiopathic (n = 212) | Acquired (n = 34) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Single surgery | Repetitive surgeries | P value | Single surgery | Repetitive surgeries | P value | ||
(n = 175) | (n = 37) | (n = 28) | (n = 6) | ||||
Sex | |||||||
Male | 86 (49.1%) | 18 (48.6%) | 0.96 | 21 (75.0%) | 1 (16.7%) | 0.25 | |
Female | 89 (50.9%) | 19 (51.4%) | 7 (25.0%) | 5 (83.3%) | |||
Age at surgery | Mean ± Standard deviation | 37.7 ± 26.5 | 49.2 ± 21.8 | 57.6 ± 12.1 | 61.8 ± 7.7 | ||
(year) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | 3.4, 83.0 (39.7) | 5.3, 82.8 (48.2) | 0.008 | 36.5, 79.4 (56.8) | 53.8, 76.6 (60.3) | 0.25 |
95% Confidence interval | 33.8 to 41.7 | 41.9 to 56.4 | 53.0 to 62.4 | 53.8 to 70.0 | |||
Horizontal deviation | Mean ± Standard deviation | −4.8 ± 8.4 | −7.7 ± 13.9 | −1.2 ± 7.1 | −4.6 ± 16.3 | ||
(prism diopter) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | −35, 16 (−2) | −41, 17 (−6) | 0.27 | −20, 20 (0) | −37, 8 (0) | 0.37 |
-: exodeviation, | 95% Confidence interval | −3.6 to −6.1 | −3.1 to −12.3 | −4.0 to 1.6 | −21.9 to 12.5 | ||
+: esodeviation | |||||||
Vertical deviation | Mean ± Standard deviation | 17.3 ± 7.7 | 26.9 ± 9.1 | 10.4 ± 7.9 | 21.5 ± 4.5 | ||
(prism diopter) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | 2, 38 (16) | 14, 49 (26) | <0.001 | 0, 32 (10) | 15, 27 (22) | 0.003 |
95% Confidence interval | 16.1 to 18.4 | 23.8 to 29.9 | 7.3 to 13.5 | 16.7 to 26.3 | |||
Cyclotorsional deviation | Mean ± Standard deviation | −3.6 ± 4.3 | −6.1 ± 5.5 | −8.4 ± 8.6 | −7.3 ± 6.3 | ||
(degree) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | −25, 4 (−3.0) | −21, 1 (−5.5) | 0.009 | −40, 1 (−7.5) | −16, 0 (−8.5) | 0.45 |
-: excyclotorsion, | 95% Confidence interval | −3.0 to −4.3 | −4.2 to −8.0 | −5.1 to −11.8 | −0.7 to −14.0 | ||
+: incyclotorsion | |||||||
TNO stereoacuity | |||||||
15 to 60 sec of arc | 55 (31.4%) | 7 (18.9%) | 5 (17.9%) | 2 (33.3%) | |||
120 to 1980 sec of arc | 56 (32.0%) | 9 (24.3%) | 0.07 | 6 (21.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0.39 | |
Not detected | 64 (36.6%) | 21 (56.8%) | 17 (60.7%) | 4 (66.7%) | |||
Dominant eye | |||||||
Contralateral eye | 103 (58.9%) | 20 (54.1%) | 0.59 | 17 (60.7%) | 4 (66.7%) | 0.77 | |
Paretic eye | 72 (41.1%) | 17 (45.9%) | 11 (39.3%) | 2 (33.3%) | |||
Dissociated vertical deviation | |||||||
Present | 17 (9.7%) | 1 (2.7%) | 0.16 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
Absent | 158 (90.3%) | 36 (97.3%) | 28 (100%) | 6 (100%) | |||