Single surgery | Repetitive surgeries | P value | Statistical method | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 203) | (n = 43) | ||||
Sex | |||||
Male | 107 (52.7%) | 19 (44.2%) | 0.31 | Fisher exact probability test | |
Female | 96 (47.3%) | 24 (55.8%) | |||
Diagnosis | |||||
Idiopathic | 175 (86.2%) | 37 (86.0%) | 0.98 | Fisher exact probability test (idiopathic versus acquired) | |
Congenital | 78 | 12 | |||
Decompensated | 97 | 25 | |||
Acquired | 28 (13.8%) | 6 (14.0%) | |||
Traumatic | 26 | 5 | |||
Ischemic | 2 | 1 | |||
Age at surgery | Mean ± Standard deviation | 40.5 ± 25.9 | 51.0 ± 20.9 | ||
(year) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | 3.4, 83.0 (44.8) | 5.3, 82.8 (53.8) | 0.01 | Mann–Whitney U-test |
95% Confidence interval | 36.9 to 44.1 | 44.5 to 57.4 | |||
Horizontal deviation | Mean ± Standard deviation | −4.3 ± 8.3 | −7.3 ± 14.1 | ||
(prism diopter) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | −35, 20 (−2) | −41, 17 (−4) | 0.31 | Mann–Whitney U-test |
-: exodeviation | 95% Confidence interval | −3.2 to −5.5 | −2.9 to −11.6 | ||
+: esodeviation | |||||
Vertical deviation | Mean ± Standard deviation | 16.3 ± 8.1 | 26.1 ± 8.8 | ||
(prism diopter) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | 0, 38 (15) | 14, 49 (25) | <0.001 | Mann–Whitney U-test |
95% Confidence interval | 15.2 to 17.4 | 23.4 to 28.8 | |||
Cyclotorsional deviation | Mean ± Standard deviation | −4.3 ± 5.4 | −6.3 ± 5.5 | ||
(degree) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | −40, 4 (−3) | −21, 1 (−6.5) | 0.02 | Mann–Whitney U-test |
-: excyclotorsion | 95% Confidence interval | −3.6 to −5.1 | −4.5 to −8.0 | ||
+: incyclotorsion | |||||
TNO stereoacuity | |||||
15 to 60 sec of arc | 60 (29.6%) | 9 (20.9%) | 0.09 | Chi-square test | |
120 to 1980 sec of arc | 62 (30.5%) | 9 (20.9%) | |||
Not detected | 81 (39.9%) | 25 (58.1%) | |||
Dissociated vertical deviation | |||||
Present | 17 (8.4%) | 1 (2.3%) | 0.17 | Fisher exact probability test | |
Absent | 186 (91.6%) | 42 (97.7%) | |||
Dominant eye | |||||
Contralateral eye | 120 (59.1%) | 24 (55.8%) | 0.69 | Fisher exact probability test | |
Paretic eye | 83 (40.9%) | 19 (44.2%) | |||
Postoperative deviation | |||||
Horizontal deviation | Mean ± Standard deviation | −2.6 ± 5.0 | −3.3 ± 6.1 | ||
(prism diopter) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | −20, 12 (0) | −18, 8 (0) | 0.37 | Mann–Whitney U-test |
95% Confidence interval | −1.9 to −3.3 | −1.4 to −5.2 | |||
Vertical deviation | Mean ± Standard deviation | 5.1 ± 5.3 | 7.0 ± 7.1 | ||
(prism diopter) | Minimum, Maximum (Median) | 0, 25 (3.5) | 0, 35 (4.5) | 0.04 | Mann–Whitney U-test |
95% Confidence interval | 4.4 to 5.9 | 4.7 to 9.3 |