Clinical factors underlying a single surgery or repetitive surgeries to treat superior oblique muscle palsy

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Table 2 Surgical procedures at second surgery in the repetitive-surgery group with superior oblique muscle palsy

Diagnosis	Fixation eye		IO recession in paretic eye	SR recession in paretic eye	IR recession in contralateral eye	IR advancement in contralateral eye	LR rec. & MR res. in contralateral eye	MR recession in paretic eye
Idiopathic	Contralateral eye	n = 20	1 (5.0%)	3 (15.0%)	14 (70.0%)	2 (10.0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
				1 with LR rec.	1 with SR rec.
				1 with MR rec.
	Paretic eye	n = 17	1 (5.9%)	3 (17.6%)	11 (64.7%)	1 (5.9%)	1 (5.9%)	0 (0%)
					1 with LR rec.
Acquired	Contralateral eye	n = 4	0 (0%)	1 (25.0%)	1 (25.0%)	1 (25.0%)	0 (0%)	1 (25.0%)
	Paretic eye	n = 2	1 (50.0%)	1 (50.0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	0 (0%)

In one patient with idiopathic bilateral palsy, the paretic eye is assigned to the eye with the more marked palsy.
IO, inferior oblique muscle; SR, superior rectus muscle; IR, inferior rectus muscle; LR, lateral rectus muscle; MR, medial rectus muscle; rec., recession; res., resection.
Surgical procedures at third surgery in 7 patients are: IO recession in paretic eye (n = 1), SR recession in paretic eye (n = 2, 1 with LR rec.), SR advancement in paretic eye (n = 1), IR advancement in contralateral eye (n = 1), IR recession in paretic eye (n = 1), and MR recession in paretic eye (n = 1). Of these 7 patients, one patient underwent SR recession in paretic eye at forth surgery.