Figure 5
A symmetrical R5 Solar Loop and Tail Diagram for the Phanerozoic with H- and W-phases and the 66 Ma sub-harmonic sequences, showing the coincidence between En-, Hn-and Wn-phase boundaries with major climate and extinction events. The events recorded in Table 4 can be posted to this model. The W-phase of the zenith of the loop coincides with Permian and Devonian Warm Periods, whereas the Ordovician and Cretaceous Warm Periods, are at the end of the first and third phases, respectively. The H-tail of the Phanerozoic loop defines “Snowball Earth”. Note the mirror symmetry in the mass extinction events, such as, the Permian and Ordovician at H 21 and H 24 and the Cretaceous and Early Cambrian at E 2 and E 9 and Triassic and Famennian at W 21 and W 23, respectively.