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Table 4 Root mean square (RMS) amplitude of electromyogram (EMG) and muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) values during maximal voluntary contraction in the vastus medialis

From: Daily consumption of milk fat globule membrane plus habitual exercise improves physical performance in healthy middle-aged adults

   Placebo MFGM ANOVA (G × T)
P -value
RMS, mV baseline 0.133 ± 0.017 0.145 ± 0.019 0.778
5 weeks 0.156 ± 0.016 0.172 ± 0.019
10 weeks 0.153 ± 0.014 0.175 ± 0.022
Δ 10 weeks (%)a 27.3 ± 10.6d 27.1 ± 10.4d
MFCV, m/sec baseline 5.91 ± 0.39 5.77 ± 0.32 0.046
5 weeks 5.02 ± 0.48 5.43 ± 0.22
10 weeks 4.17 ± 0.45b 5.58 ± 0.39c
Δ 10 weeks (%)a - 27.2 ± 8.2d 1.1 ± 8.9c
  1. MFGM, milk fat globule membrane; ANOVA, analysis of variance.
  2. Values are means ± SEM of 16 (placebo group [women, n = 7; men, n = 9]) and 19 (MFGM group [women, n = 11; men, n = 8]) subjects for RMS and 12 (placebo group [women, n = 5; men, n = 7]) and 16 (MFGM group [women, n = 10; men, n = 6]) subjects for MFCV, respectively.
  3. aThe value is the percentage change from the baseline to 10 weeks. Repeated-measures ANOVA for the group-by-time interaction (G × T) during the interventional period. bThere was a significant difference from the baseline during the interventional period, as determined using the Bonferroni test (P < 0.05). cThere was a significant difference between the two groups in results of the unpaired t-test (P < 0.05). dThere was a significant difference from the baseline to 10 weeks in results of the paired t-test (P < 0.05).
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