Daily consumption of milk fat globule membrane plus habitual exercise improves physical performance in healthy middle-aged adults

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Table 2 Values of serum variables before and after the intervention

		Placebo	MFGM	ANOVA (G × T)
		Placebo	MFGM	P -value
Aspartate aminotransferase, IU/L	baseline	24.5 ± 1.82	22.1 ± 0.98	0.591
	5 weeks	25.1 ± 2.53	22.3 ± 0.77
	10 weeks	24.1 ± 1.52	22.7 ± 1.06
	Δ 10 weeks (%)^a	1.0 ± 5.3	5.1 ± 5.0
Alanine aminotransferase, IU/L	baseline	25.1 ± 4.33	20.1 ± 2.02	0.674
	5 weeks	23.7 ± 4.49	18.8 ± 2.03
	10 weeks	22.9 ± 2.79	19.7 ± 2.38
	Δ 10 weeks (%)^a	- 0.1 ± 7.3	1.7 ± 6.6
Glucose, mg/dl	baseline	93.3 ± 2.01	90.4 ± 2.13	0.827
	5 weeks	93.4 ± 2.81	90.5 ± 2.21
	10 weeks	90.4 ± 2.22	88.6 ± 1.96
	Δ 10 weeks (%)^a	- 3.0 ± 1.8	- 1.8 ± 1.2
Triglyceride, mg/dl	baseline	132 ± 12.7	104 ± 9.4	0.536
	5 weeks	103 ± 10.2	89 ± 6.4
	10 weeks	109 ± 10.9	95 ± 8.6
	Δ 10 weeks (%)^a	- 12.3 ± 6.7	- 2.6 ± 8.9
Total cholesterol, mg/dl	baseline	206 ± 9.2	219 ± 9.8	0.190
	5 weeks	210 ± 10.8	221 ± 9.8
	10 weeks	211 ± 9.9	212 ± 7.5
	Δ 10 weeks (%)^a	2.9 ± 2.3	- 2.0 ± 2.0

MFGM, milk fat globule membrane; ANOVA, analysis of variance.
Values are means ± SEM of 16 (placebo group [women, n = 7; men, n = 9]) and 19 (MFGM group [women, n = 11; men, n = 8]) subjects.
^aThe value is the percentage change from the baseline to 10 weeks. Repeated-measures ANOVA for the group-by-time interaction (G × T) during the interventional period.