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Table 2 Echocardiographic data

From: Effects of early and late-onset treatment with carvedilol in an experimental model of aortic regurgitation

	EARLY					LATE
	Sham	AR	AR + CAR	Disease p-value	Treatment p-value	AR	AR + CAR	Treatment p-value
	(n = 8)	(n = 7)	(n = 7)			(n = 5)	(n = 7)
LVIDd (mm)	9.1 ± 0.24	11.3 ± 0.37	11.1 ± 0.50	0.001*	0,92	10.9 ± 0.50	11.0 ± 0.36	0,92
LVIDs (mm)	5.4 ± 0.23	7.7 ± 0.39	7.6 ± 0.57	0.001*	0,99	6.9 ± 0.46	6.7 ± 0.50	0,88
Wall thickness (mm)	2.0 ± 0.03	2.2 ± 0.07	2.2 ± 0.06	0.019*	0,87	2.4 ± 0.07	2.3 ± 0.08	0,45
FS (%)	41.4 ± 1.50	31.9 ± 1.53	31.70 ± 2.47	0.001*	1,00	37.3 ± 0.02	38.7 ± 0.03	0,75
Strain (%)	−22.15 ± 1.23	−18.5 ± 1.12	−18.5 ± 0.98	0,075	1,00	−17.0 ± 0.38	−18.1 ± 1.16	0,49

Echocardiographic data after twelve (left) and twenty-two (right) weeks of severe AR. Disease p-values indicate difference between sham and untreated (AR) groups. Treatment p-value indicates difference between treated (Carvedilol) and untreated (AR). All p-values are from paired analysis. Left ventricle end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricle end-systolic diameter (LVESD), fractional shortening (FS), and wall thickness (WT). *p < 0.05.

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