Table 2 Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients recruited in the BENCH-D study
Variable |  | Mean ± std or % |
|---|---|---|
N | Â | 2,390 |
Socio-demographic characteristics | Â | Â |
% Males | Â | 59.7% |
Mean age (years) |  | 65.0 ± 10.2 |
School education (%) | Primary school | 39.2 |
| Â | Middle school | 28.8 |
| Â | High school | 25.4 |
| Â | University | 6.6 |
Working status (%) | Employed | 23.5 |
| Â | Housewife | 14.4 |
| Â | Retired | 59.7 |
| Â | Unemployed/student | 2.4 |
Marital status (%) | Not married | 6.8 |
| Â | Married | 77.9 |
| Â | Separated/divorced | 4.4 |
| Â | Widower | 10.9 |
Living status (%) | Alone | 11.9 |
| Â | Spouse/sons | 82.8 |
| Â | Other | 5.2 |
Smokers (%) | Â | 16.5 |
Clinical characteristics | Â | Â |
Diabetes duration (yrs) |  | 14.0 ± 15.3 |
HbA1c (%) |  | 7.7 ± 1.5 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) |  | 61 ± 16.4 |
BMI (Kg/m2) |  | 30.2 ± 6.0 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) |  | 177.7 ± 39.9 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) |  | 49.5 ± 14.6 |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) |  | 100.9 ± 32.7 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) |  | 142.4 ± 112.4 |
Systolic blood pressure |  | 135.3 ± 16.2 |
Diastolic blood pressure |  | 78.3 ± 9.1 |
Diabetes treatment (%) | Â | Â |
| Â | Oral agents | 49.5 |
|  | Oral agents + insulin | 25.8 |
| Â | Insulin | 24.7 |
Lipid-lowering agents (%) | Â | 47.1 |
Antihypertensive treatment (%) | Â | 67.7 |
Diabetes complications | 0 | 66.6 |
| Â | 1 | 25.0 |
|  | ≥2 | 8.4 |