Table 4 Mean square for hybrids and genetic components

From: Grain iron and zinc density in pearl millet: combining ability, heterosis and association with grain yield and grain size

Source of variation	df	Mean square^a
		Fe (mg kg^-1)	Zn (mg kg^-1)	GW(g)	GY (t ha^-1)
Environment (E)	1	22524.5^**	48885.5^**	313.2^**	25.12^**
Replication/E	4	62.6	858.3^**	9.1^**	19.26^**
Hybrids (H)	195	401.7^**	164.7^**	7.7^**	1.15^**
Female (F)	13	2574.9^**	720.9^**	48.6^**	3.27^*
Male (M)	13	2470.6^**	1325^**	42.9^**	4.66^**
F × M	169	77.0^**	32.9^**	1.8^**	0.72^**
H × E	195	55.4^**	26.2^**	1.1^**	0.47^**
F × E	13	174.8^**	62.3^**	5.3^**	0.93^**
M × E	13	111.9^**	72.9^**	2.1^**	1.12^**
F × M × E	169	41.6^**	19.7^*	0.7^**	0.38^**
Error	780	29.5	15.1	0.4	0.25
Genetic components
σ ²_GCA^b		27.9	11.2	0.49	0.03
σ ²_SCA^c		5.9	2.2	0.18	0.06
PR = (2σ ²_GCA)/(2σ ²_GCA + σ²_SCA)		0.90	0.91	0.84	0.52

^aGrain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) density, 1000-grain weight (GW) and grain yield (GY); ^bσ²_GCA Variance attributed to general combining ability; ^cσ²_SCA Variance attributed to specific combining ability; PR Predictability ratio; ^*,**Significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability level, respectively.

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