Tumor grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma assessed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography

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Table 4 Univariate analysis of imaging findings of ccRCC and Fuhrman grades

	Grades 1-2	Grades 3-4	P-value
Calcification* +/- (n = 214)	10/106	24/74	0.0023
Tumor heterogeneity Homo/Hetero (n = 192)	8/89	8/87	1.0
Non-enhancing area^† ≥60%/<60% (n = 192)	15/82	27/68	0.036

Note. The data show the number of the lesions. The heterogeneity of the lesions (homogeneous or heterogeneous) and the percentage of non-enhancing (necrotic) area were evaluated in the predominantly solid ccRCC (n = 192). The presence or absence of calcification was evaluated in total ccRCC cases (n = 214).
*Calcification is significantly more common in grades 3–4 than grades 1–2. ^†Non-enhancing area 60% or more within the predominantly solid clear cell renal cell carcinoma is significantly more common in grades 3–4 than grades 1–2.