Stem cell therapy for cardiac dysfunction

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Table 2 Recent and ongoing clinical trials involving endogenous cardiac stem cells in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy

Trial name/Investigator	Study identifier	Comparators	Endpoint	Patients	Delivery route	Type classification
Cardiosphere-derived Stem Cells
ALLSTAR	NCT01458405	Allogeneic CDCs vs placebo	Infarct size	274	Intracoronary	Safety + efficacy, Phase 1/2
CADUCEUS*	NCT00893360	CDCs (12.5 or 25 million) vs no intervention	Safety	31	Intracoronary	Safety, Phase 1
Cardiac Stem Cells + bFGF
ALCADIA*	NCT00981006	CSCs + bFGF infusion	Safety	6	Intramyocardial	Safety, Phase 1
Cardiac Stem Cells (undefined)
Vakilian et al.	NCT01758406	CSCs vs placebo	Mortality + LVEF	50	Intracoronary	Safety + efficacy, Phase 2
SCIPIO*	NCT00474461	CSCs infusion	SAE	40	Intracoronary	Safety + efficacy, Phase 1

All trials use autologous infusions unless otherwise stated. Abbreviations: bFGF-Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, CDCs-Cardiosphere-derived Cells, CSCs-Cardiac Stem Cells, LVEF-Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, SAE-Serious Adverse Events.
* Denotes trials with published results (including preliminary results).