Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of subjects

Factor	NASH (N = 203)	Not NASH (N = 99)	p-value
Sex
Male	68 (33.5)	42 (42.4)	0.13
Age at first visit *(y)*	12.3 ± 3.1	12.3 ± 3.1	0.98
Obese	188 (92.6)	80 (80.8)	*0.002*
BMI *(kg/m* ² )	26.3 ± 4.2	25.5 ± 3.7	0.11
BMI percentile	97.0 [94.0, 98.0]	96.0 [92.0, 98.0]	0.12
Waist circumference *(cm)*	91.7 ± 11.4	89.1 ± 9.5	*0.044*
WC percentile	97.0 [90.0, 97.0]	90.0 [89.0, 97.0]	*<0.001*
WC/Height ratio	0.60 ± 0.04	0.58 ± 0.04	*<0.001*
Total cholesterol *(mg/dL)*	163.5 ± 32.6	149.2 ± 25.3	*<0.001*
HDL *(mg/dL)*	53.0 [39.0, 69.0]	56.0 [38.0, 71.0]	0.96
Non-HDL cholesterol *(mg/dL)*	105.8 ± 40.2	92.3 ± 32.8	*0.004*
Triglycerides *(mg/dL)*	114.0 ± 62.9	84.6 ± 41.8	*<0.001*
Hypercholesterolemia	121 (59.6)	41 (41.4)	*0.003*
Hypertriglyceridemia	136 (67.0)	52 (52.5)	*0.015*
Hypertension	55 (27.1)	29 (29.3)	0.69
HOMA-IR	2.7 ± 1.7	2.6 ± 2.0	0.83
IGT/Diabetes	88 (43.3)	45 (45.5)	0.73
Metabolic syndrome	131 (64.5)	37 (37.4)	*<0.001*
ALT *(U/L)*	73.0 [50.0, 99.0]	70.0 [50.0, 89.0]	0.41
AST *(U/L)*	57.5 ± 29.3	49.9 ± 16.3	*0.017*
GGT *(U/L)*	27.0 [20.0, 40.0]	25.0 [17.0, 33.0]	*0.031*
Total bilirubin *(mg/dL)*	0.65 ± 0.24	0.73 ± 0.22	*0.007*
Albumin *(g/dL)*	4.6 ± 0.53	4.6 ± 0.73	0.64

Values presented as Mean ± SD with t-test; Median [P25, P75] with Wilcoxon rank sum test, or N (%) with Pearson’s chi-square test.
P-values in bold are statistically significant.