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Table 2 SSCF of LMAA-treated napiergrass a)

From: Bio-ethanol production through simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) of a low-moisture anhydrous ammonia (LMAA)-pretreated napiegrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach)

No

Napiergrass

Enzyme/mgd)

KO11/mLe)

Yeast/mLf)

Products/mg (Yield/%)b)

Ethanol/gL-1 h)

PTc)

Weight/g

Xylose

Glucose

Ethanol

1i)

NO

3.0

300

21

0.36

209 ± 14 (35)

19 ± 2 (2)

353 ± 31 (43)

8.8

2

LMAA

3.0

300

21

0.36

73 ± 25 (10)

47 ± 10 (4)

777 ± 15 (74)

19.4

3

LMAA

3.0

300

21

0

148 ± 11 (20)

43 ± 2 (3)

731 ± 12 (70)

18.3

4j)

LMAA

3.0

300

0

0.36

473 ± 43 (65)

29 ± 10 (2)

576 ± 39 (55)

14.4

5

LMAA

2.5

250

21

0.36

304 ± 15 (50)

37 ± 6 (3)

547 ± 41 (63)

13.7

6

LMAA

3.5

350

21

0.36

385 ± 45 (53)

37 ± 2 (3)

719 ± 13 (59)

18.1

7

LMAA

4.0

400

21

0.36

438 ± 37 (60)

39 ± 8 (3)

829 ± 28 (60)

21.4

  1. a)SSCF was performed for napiergrass (3.0–4.0 g) using cellulase (150–200 mg) and xylanase (150–200 mg) in buffer (19 mL), E. coli KO11 (21 ml), and S. cerevisiae (0.36 mL) at 36°C for 96 h. The data were expressed as averages of the experiments at three times.
  2. b)The maximum amounts of xylose, glucose, and ethanol were 729 mg, 1323 mg, and 1049 mg obtained from 3.0 g of LMAA-pretreated napiergrass, respectively.
  3. c)Pretreatment (PT). NO: non-treatment. LMAA: a low-moisture anhydrous ammonia pretreatment for four weeks.
  4. d)Weight of total hydrolytic enzyme (cellulase and xylanase) in mg. The fraction (FX) of xylanase in the mixture of cellulase and xylanase was 0.50.
  5. e)Volume of the cell suspension of E. coli KO11 in ml.
  6. f)Volume of the cell suspension of S. cerevisiae in mL.
  7. h)Concentration of ethanol in g L-1.
  8. i)The maximum amounts of xylose, glucose, and ethanol obtained from non-treated napiergrass (3.0 g) were 576 mg, 1043 mg, and 827 mg, respectively.
  9. j)The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using cellulase (150 mg) and xylanase (150 mg), and S. cerevisiae (0.36 mL) at 36°C for 96 h.