Table 1 Frequency distribution of established and putative risk factors for prostate cancer among cases and controls
From: Human kallikrein-2 gene and protein expression predicts prostate cancer at repeat biopsy
Subgroup | Cases (n = 180), (%) | Controls (n = 761), (%) | P (χ 2 )* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | <50 | 4 (14.3) | 24 (85.7) | 0.19 |
50-60 | 41 (15.4) | 225 (84.6) | ||
60-70 | 87 (20.0) | 348 (80.4) | ||
>70 | 48 (22.6) | 164 (77.4) | ||
PSA (ng/mL) | <10.0 | 120 (18.6) | 527 (81.4) | 0.65 |
10.0-20.0 | 46 (19.7) | 188 (80.3) | ||
>20.0 | 14 (23.3) | 46 (76.7) | ||
TRUS volume (cc) | <47.0 | 77 (28.5) | 193 (71.5) | <0.0001 |
47.0-67.0 | 51 (21.0) | 192 (79.0) | ||
67.0-93.1 | 27 ( 12.7) | 185 (87.3) | ||
>93.1 | 25 (11.6) | 191 (88.4) | ||
Family history | Negative | 152 (18.5) | 668 (81.5) | 0.23 |
Positive | 28 (23.1) | 93 (76.9) | ||
Presence of LUTS | Negative | 104 (21.4) | 382 (78.6) | 0.067 |
Positive | 76 (16.7) | 379 (83.3) | ||
DRE | Normal | 130 (18.6) | 569 (81.4) | 0.61 |
Abnormal | 48 (20.1) | 191 (79.9) | ||
Ethnic background | Other | 3 (9.1) | 30 (90.9) | 0.074 |
Asian | 8 (11.9) | 59 (88.1) | ||
White | 147 (19.4) | 609 (80.6) | ||
Black | 22 (25.9) | 63 (74.1) | ||
Initial Biopsy Pathology | Normal or BPH | 93 (14.8) | 537 (85.2) | < 0.0001 |
HGPIN | 62 (25.6) | 180 (74.4) | ||
ASAP | 25 (36.2) | 44 (63.8) | ||
rs2664155 (KL1) | GG | 80 (18.4) | 354 (81.6) | 0.35 |
GA | 74 (18.5) | 326 (81.5) | ||
AA | 26 (24.3) | 81 (75.7) | ||
rs198977 (KL2) | CC | 70 (15.8) | 374 (84.2) | 0.018 |
CT | 82 (20.9) | 311 (79.1) | ||
TT | 28 (26.9) | 76 (73.1) | ||
Mean (Median) hK2 Level (ng/mL) | 0. 246 (0.193) | 0.228 (0.163) | 0.02 |