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Table 3 Results of the laboratory analyses

From: 33 Ironman triathlons in 33 days–a case study

Parameter and normal range - 11 d D 7 D 13 D 16 D 21 D 24 D 29 + 3 d + 73 d
White blood cells (4.0–11.0 × 109/l) 4.1 5.4 6.4 5.5 5.1 6.2 5.3 4.2 4.5
Red blood cells (4.50–5.90 × 1012/l) 4.15 4.39 4.35 4.41 4.37 4.54 4.47 4.50 4.44
Haemoglobin (140–175) 129* 138* 134* 137* 138* 142 143 139* 139*
Sodium (135–150 mmol/l) 143 142 143 140 138 143 140 139 139
Potassium (3.5–5.3 mmol/l) 4.3 4.7 4.3 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.5
Glucose (3.9–6.1 mmol/l) 4.7   4.8 8.3*   5.6 6.5 7.2* 4.7*
Creatinine (53–120 mmol/l)   65 70 66 75 62 65   78
Calcium (2.02–2.65 mmol/l)   2.21 2.15 2.19 2.19 2.27 2.24 2.25 2.29
Phosphate (0.80–145 mmol/l)   1.10 1.08 0.87 0.94 1.16 1.05 0.81 1.42
Magnesium (0.70–1.05 mmol/l)   0.94 0.96 0.88 0.85 0.93 0.94 0.85 0.94
AST (0–40 U/l)    38 47* 48* 46* 46* 33 21
ALT (0–40 U/l)   39 39 46* 49* 50* 58* 47* 15
ALP (40–120 U/l)    44 46 46 46 48 49 39
Amylase (0–100 U/l)   40 57 40 72 39 39 40 30
Lipase (7–60 U/l)    78 49 101* 41 42 30 22
Total protein (62–84 g/l) 65   67 70 70 71 71 71 67
Albumin (35–50 g/l) 41    43 44 44 44 45 43
γ-GT (8–61 U/l)          12
Cholesterol (4.20–5.20 mmol/l) 3.69*        5.19 3.70*
Triglycerides (0.6–2.30 mmol/l) 0.73        0.95 0.67
LDL-cholesterol (2.20–3.40 mmol/l) 1.60*        3.01 1.77*
HDL-cholesterol (0.90–1.80 mmol/l) 1.75        1.72 1.62
VLDL-cholesterol (0.26–1.03 mmol/l) 0.34        0.44 0.31
TSH (0.5–4.80 mU/l) 1.63         0.98
Iron (11–28 μmol/l) 14        23 16
UIBC (20–66 μmol/l) 32        29 30
TIBC (52–77 μmol/l) 46        52 46
Transferrin (1.70–3.40 μmol/l) 1.79        2.03 1.79
Transferrin saturation (15–40%) 23        34 27
Ferritin (25–250 μg/l) 72.3         66.4
CK (12–200 U/l)   469* 391*   447*   311*   
INR (0.80–1.50)         0.93  
PTT (28.0–42.0)         34.8  
Fibrinogen (1.50–4.50)         3.36  
Vitamin B12 (138–781 pmol/l) 289        595  
Folic acid (> 58 pmol/l) > 58        > 58  
CRP (‹ 5.0) 0.4         
  1. AST = aspartate aminotransferase, ALT = alanine aminotransferase, ALP = alkaline phosphatase, γ-GT = gamma glutamyltransferase, LDL = low-density lipoprotein, HDL = high-density lipoprotein, VLDL = very low density lipoprotein, TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone, UIBC = unsaturated iron binding capacity, TIBC = total iron binding capacity, CK = creatine kinase, INR = international normalized ratio, PTT = partial thromboplastin time, CRP = C-reactive protein. * = out of reference range.
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