Table 2 Comparison of anesthesia-related variables between the two groups
Variables | PD (n = 103) | No-PRE (n = 103) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Repeated GA (per time)a,+ | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–1) | 0.08 |
ASA classificationb,ǂ | 0.32 | ||
1 | 17 (16.5) | 13 (12.6) | |
2 | 67 (64.1) | 77 (73.8) | |
3 | 20 (19.4) | 14 (13.6) | |
Type of surgeryǂ | - | ||
Abdominal | 36 (34.9) | 37 (35.9) | |
Ear nose throat | 20 (19.4) | 22 (21.4) | |
Eye | 9 (8.7) | 9 (8.7) | |
Thoracic | 8 (7.8) | 7 (6.8) | |
Orthopedic | 18 (17.5) | 18 (17.5) | |
Cardiac catheterization | 4 (3.9) | 4 (3.9) | |
Superficial | 8 (7.8) | 6 (5.8) | |
Choice of GAǂ | - | ||
GA only | 67 (65.0) | 64 (62.1) | |
GA combined RA or PNB | 36 (35.0) | 39 (37.9) | |
Technique of GAc,ǂ | 0.77 | ||
Mask | 11 (10.7) | 9 (8.7) | |
Laryngeal mask airway | 26 (25.2) | 23 (22.3) | |
Total intravenous anesthesia | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0) | |
ETT with inhalation | 7 (6.8) | 10 (9.7) | |
ETT with balanced | 58 (56.3) | 60 (58.3) | |
Induction agentsc,ǂ | 0.46 | ||
Thiopental | 55 (53.4) | 55 (53.4) | |
Sevoflurane | 38 (36.9) | 43 (41.7) | |
Propofol | 8 (7.8) | 3 (2.9) | |
Ketamine | 2 (1.9) | 2 (1.9) | |
Intubating agentsc,ǂ | 0.24 | ||
Succinylcholine | 20 (19.4) | 12 (11.7) | |
NDMR | 43 (41.7) | 53 (51.5) | |
Sevoflurane | 1 (1.0) | 4 (3.9) | |
Propofol | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.0) | |
None | 38 (36.9) | 33 (32.0) | |
Inhalation agentc,ǂ | 0.30 | ||
Sevoflurane | 88 (85.4) | 96 (93.2) | |
Isoflurane | 5 (4.9) | 3 (2.9) | |
Desflurane | 8 (7.8) | 3 (2.9) | |
None | 2 (1.9) | 1 (1.0) | |
Gas mixed with oxygenc,ǂ | 0.49 | ||
Air | 57 (55.3) | 51 (48.5) | |
Nitrous oxide | 44 (42.7) | 52 (50.5) | |
100% oxygen | 2 (1.9) | 1 (1.0) | |
Narcoticsc,ǂ | 0.41 | ||
Intravenous fentanyl | 79 (76.7) | 75 (72.8) | |
Intravenous morphine | 2 (1.9) | 4 (3.9) | |
Epidural morphine | 14 (13.6) | 11 (10.7) | |
None | 7 (6.8) | 13 (12.6) | |
Duration of GA (hours)b,ǂ | 0.03* | ||
< 1 | 10 (9.7) | 21 (20.4) | |
1-3 | 78 (75.7) | 75 (72.8) | |
>3 | 15 (14.6) | 7 (6.8) | |
Perioperative lowest oxygen saturation a,+ | 91 (70–93) | 99 (98–99) | 0.001* |