Table 1 Table of notations and parameters

Membrane time constant

τ _m

20 ms

Resting potential

V _rest

0 mV

Threshold voltage

V _th

20 mV

Reset voltage

V _reset

20 mV

Refractory period

τ _ref

2 ms

Synaptic model

Synaptic time constant

τ _syn

0.5 ms

Peak EPSP

EPSP

0.01,...,1 mV

Synaptic efficacy

J

τ_syne EPSP

Inhibition dominance ratio

g

8

Feedforward strength

EPSP_ffw

0.1 mV

Synaptic delay

D

1.5 ms

Network connectivity

Number of neurons

N

12 500

Excitatory fraction

f

0.8

Connection probability

ε

10%

Weight matrix

W

w _{i j}

Network operator

A

$\left(\mathbb{1}-\mathit{W}\right){-}^1$

Simulation

Stimulus orientation

θ

0°,15°,...,165°

Preferred orientation (PO)

θ ^∗

[0°,180°)

Contrast

C

9,39,99%

Baseline firing rate

s _B

12,16,20 kHz

Modulation ratio

m

m=10%

Simulation time

t _sim

6 000 ms

Analysis

Orientation selectivity index

OSI

Orientation selectivity vector

OSV

Scatter degree index

SDI

Baseline (modulation) gain

γ _B (γ _M )

Linearized neuronal gain

ζ

Tuning curve

T _i (θ)