Table 6 Multi-level regression analyses for change in swimming speed for 400 m, 800 m, and 1,500 m in swimmers at national level across years for women and men (Model 1) with correction for multiple participations (Model 2) and age of athletes with multiple participations (Model 3)

400 m women long course

1

0.001

0.001

0.076

0.863

0.390

2

0.001

0.001

0.076

0.863

0.390

3

0.001

0.001

0.090

1.128

0.261

400 m women short course

1

-.001

0.001

-0.064

-0.726

0.469

2

-.001

0.001

-0.064

-0.726

0.469

3

-8.258E-005

0.001

-0.007

-0.085

0.932

400 m men long course

1

0.004

0.001

0.418

5.212

< 0.001

2

0.004

0.001

0.418

5.212

< 0.001

3

0.004

0.001

0.414

5.467

< 0.001

400 m men short course

1

0.003

0.001

0.305

3.625

< 0.001

2

0.003

0.001

0.305

3.625

< 0.001

3

0.003

0.001

0.344

4.055

< 0.001

800 m women long course

1

0.001

0.001

0.090

1.018

0.311

2

0.001

0.001

0.090

1.018

0.311

3

0.001

0.001

0.101

1.262

0.209

800 m women short course

1

-0.001

0.001

-0.092

-1.050

0.296

2

-0.001

0.001

-0.092

-1.050

0.296

3

-0.001

0.001

-0.058

-0.685

0.495

800 m men long course

1

0.004

0.001

0.404

4.992

< 0.001

2

0.004

0.001

0.404

4.992

< 0.001

3

0.004

0.001

0.397

5.026

< 0.001

800 m men short course

1

-0.001

0.001

-0.084

-0.957

0.340

2

-0.001

0.001

-0.084

-0.957

0.340

3

-0.001

0.001

-0.075

-0.879

0.381

1,500 m women long course

1

0.006

0.002

0.255

2.971

0.004

2

0.006

0.002

0.255

2.971

0.004

3

0.006

0.002

0.256

3.224

0.002

1,500 m women short course

1

0.005

0.002

0.195

2.099

0.038

2

0.005

0.002

0.195

2.099

0.038

3

0.005

0.002

0.197

2.100

0.038

1,500 m men long course

1

0.003

0.001

0.314

3.742

< 0.001

2

0.003

0.001

0.314

3.742

< 0.001

3

0.003

0.001

0.314

3.853

< 0.001

1,500 m men short course

1

0.000

0.001

-0.017

-0.197

0.844

2

0.000

0.001

-0.017

-0.197

0.844

3

0.000

0.001

-0.019

-0.229

0.819