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Table 2 Psychological test for the examination of subjective peripheral blood flow

From: Anthocyanin-rich Aronia melanocarpa extract improves body temperature maintenance in healthy women with a cold constitution

 

Pre

Post

Cold feeling

  

  Hand and foot

3.18 ± 1.54

4.17 ± 0.84 a

  Hip

3.18 ± 1.54

4.23 ± 0.82 a

  Back

3.64 ± 1.21

4.26 ± 0.77

Shoulder stiffness

2.91 ± 1.45

3.43 ± 0.97

  1. The subjects’ state of psychological stress was assessed using a questionnaire regarding cold feelings in the hand/foot, hip, and back as well as shoulder stiffness. The questionnaire consisted of 5 responses, namely, 1, feel very cold or stiffness; 2, feel somewhat cold or stiffness; 3, do not feel anything; 4, almost do not feel cold or stiffness at all. Values represent the mean ± standard the deviation obtained from 11 subjects. Pre, pre-trial; Post, post-trial. a, significant difference from the Pre at the level of P < 0.05.
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