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Table 3 Relationships between cadmium exposure marker and renal dysfunction markers

From: Use of the kidney injury molecule-1 as a biomarker for early detection of renal tubular dysfunction in a population chronically exposed to cadmium in the environment

  

KIM-1

NAG

β2-MG

Men

(N = 260)

   

  U-Cd

Corr.

0.295 ***

0.320 ***

0.182 **

 

Partial corr.

0.289 ***

0.312 ***

0.156 *

  B-Cd

Corr.

0.265 ***

0.200**

0.199 **

 

Partial corr.

0.224 ***

0.150 *

0.132 *

Women

(N = 440)

   

  U-Cd

Corr.

0.215 ***

0.251 ***

0.190 ***

 

Partial corr.

0.205 ***

0.242 ***

0.178 ***

  B-Cd

Corr.

0.205 ***

0.165 ***

0.228 ***

 

Partial corr.

0.161 **

0.103 *

0.174 ***

  1. U-Cd: urinary cadmium; B-Cd: whole blood cadmium; N: number of subjects;
  2. Corr.: correlation coefficient (Pearson); Partial corr.: partial correlation coefficient after controlling.
  3. by age for U-Cd, by age and smoking habit (yes1, no0).
  4. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
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