Hybrid poplar plantations are suitable habitat for reintroduced forest herbs with conservation status

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Table 2 Response measurements and effects of stand-type (p-values) of four species of transplanted forest herbs

Variable	Hybrid poplar plantation
	DxN clone^a		MxB clone^b		Second-growth hardwood woodlot		p-value of environment effect^c
	Mean ± s.e.	n	Mean ± s.e.	n	Mean ± s.e.	n	p-value of environment effect^c
Asarum canadense
Number of leaves + number of flowers per plot	114.20 ± 34.56	15	120.47 ± 35.39	15	81.64 ± 26.41	15	0.1148
Maianthemum racemosum
Total leaf length per plot	1733 ± 538	15	2472 ± 551	15	3010 ± 627	15	0.1188
Number of flowers per plot	0.40 ± 0.21	15	0.93 ± 0.38	15	1.04 ± 0.35	15	0.1070
Sanguinaria canadensis
Number of leaves + number of flowers per plot	73.33 ± 9.78 (a)	6	70.17 ± 7.74 (a)	6	26.50 ± 4.31 (b)	6	0.0004 ***
Trillium grandiflorum
Total leaf length per plot	861 ± 276 (b)	6	940 ± 306 (b)	6	1171 ± 111 (a)	6	0.0137 *
Number of flowers per plot	1.17 ± 0.31	6	1.00 ± 0.63	6	1.83 ± 0.54	6	0.4068

^aDxN clone: a hybrid of Populus deltoides and P. nigra.
^bMxB clone: a hybrid of Populus maximowiczii and P. balsamifera.
^cp-values are from ANOVAs with site and stand-type as fixed effects (see text for details).
^*Significance at p < 0.05.
^*** Significance at p < 0.001.
Letters following response measurements indicate significant differences between environments at p < 0.05 in Tukey HSD means comparisons tests.