Barriers and facilitators to self-care in chronic heart failure: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies

Siabani, Soraya; Leeder, Stephen R; Davidson, Patricia M

doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-320

SpringerPlus

Table 2 Quality of studies included in a meta-synthesis of researches relating to self-care in patients with CHF (n = 23)

From: Barriers and facilitators to self-care in chronic heart failure: a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies

Author /year / country / reference number	Study design /tools/population	Aim	Was what the researchers did clear?	Was the aim /research question clear?	Is the sample used appropriate to its research question?	Were the data collected appropriately?	Were the data analyzed appropriately?	Can the results of this study be transferred to other settings?	Does the study adequately address potential ethical issues?
Martensson et al. (1997) Sweden	Phenomenology/ Interview (n = 12 patients)	To investigate how patients conceive their life situation	G^**	G	A^***	VG^*	G	U^****	G
Rogers et al. (2000) United Kingdom	In-depth interview (n = 27 patients)	Investigate patients’ need for information	G	VG	G	G	A	U	U
Buetow et al. (2001) New Zealand	Narrative/ Semi-structured questionnaire/ Interview (n = 62 patients)	To illustrate how patients cope with their illness	G	VG	G	VG	G	A	U
Riegel & Carlson (2002) USA	Interview/ Structured questionnaire (n = 26 patients)	To explain better adaptation in some people	VG	VG	G	VG	G	A	G
Horowitz et al. (2004) USA	Grounded theory/ Semi-structured interview (n = 19 patients)	To elucidate patients’ belief and knowledge & understand factors underling self-care routines	VG	G	A	VG	G	U	G
Scotto (2005) USA	Phenomenology/ Interview (n = 14 patients)	To explore the experience of patients living with HF and their adherence to prescribed regimens	VG	VG	VG	G	G	A	G
Eldh et al. (2006) Sweden	Narrative/ Interview + observation (n = 4 patients + 2 Nurses)	To explore patients’ participation/non- participation in a CHF care program	G	G	A	G	VG	U	VG
Riegel et al. (2006) USA	Mixed method/ Interview (n = 15 patients)	To evaluate a motivational interviewing intervention and identify the mechanisms by which it influenced HF self-care	G	VG	A	A	G	N^*****	G
Rucker-Whitaker et al. (2006) USA	Focus group ( n = 25 patients)	To understand from the patient perspective what factors promote/limit retention in a self-management improvement program	A	G	A	A	A	N	U
Schnell et al. (2006) Canada	Semi-structured interview (n = 11 patients)	To explore self-care experience living with CHF	G	A	G	G	G	G	G
Falk et al. (2007) Sweden	Phenomenology/Interview (n = 17)	To describe how persons living with CHF perceived the maintenance of their daily life	VG	G	G	VG	VG	U	U
Davidson et al. (2007) Australia	Interview (triangulation study) (n = 17 patients +13 family + 16 key-informants) + literature	To describe health patterns, information needs, and adjustment process for overseas-born people with heart failure living in Australia	G	A	G	VG	G	A	VG
Riegel et al. (2007) USA	Mixed method/ Interview (n = 29 patients)	To describe how expertise in CHF self-care develops	G	VG	VG	G	G	G	U
Kaholokula et al. (2008) USA	Focus group (n = 11 patients +25 nurses)	To describe health beliefs, attitudes, practices and social and family relations important in CHF treatment	VG	VG	G	G	G	N	G
Rodriguez et al. (2008) USA	Grounded theory/ Semi-structured telephone interview (n = 25 patients)	To explore patients’ knowledge about CHF diagnosis and their understanding of cardiac care providers’ recommendations	A	G	A	A	G	N	VG
Sheahan & Fields (2008) USA	Semi-structured questionnaire/ Focus group (n = 33 patients)	To explore factors associated with sodium-restricted diet	A	G	G	G	G	G	VG
Dickson et al. (2008) USA	Mixed method/ Semi-structured interview (n = 41 patients)	To identify the influences of attitudes and self-efficacy on HF self-care management	VG	VG	VG	G	G	G	G
Clark et al. (2009) USA	Semi-structured interview (n = 42 patients + 30 informal caregiver)	To explore factors (perceived by patients and health givers) influencing willingness and capacity to manage CHF	G	VG	G	G	A	G	VG
Dickson & Riegel (2009) USA	Qualitative descriptive meta- analysis of their 3 studies (n = 85 patients)	To assess self-care skill in CHF patients and explore their skill needs	G	G	G	G	A	U	U
Granger et al. (2009) USA	Open-ended questionnaire/ In-depth interview (n = 6 patients and 6 physicians)	To explore patients’ and their physicians’ perspectives about adherence and how the exchange of information between them is experienced by each group	G	G	A	A	G	U	VG
Riegel et al. (2010a) USA	Mixed method/ Interview/ Open-ended question (n = 27)	To describe CHF self-care in men and women and to identify gender-specific barriers and facilitators influencing CHF self-care	VG	VG	A	VG	G	N	VG
Ming et al. (2011) Malaysia	Semi-structured interview (n = 20 patients)	To explore patients’ experiences of self-management and identify factors influencing patients’ adherence to medications	G	G	G	G	G	G	VG
Dickson et al. (2012) published online) USA	Mixed method/ Interview/Open-ended question (n = 30)	To describe the cultural beliefs about self-care, identify social factors influencing self-care and how these factors influence self-care practices	VG	G	G	G	G	G	G

* VG = Very good **G = Good ***A = Acceptable ****U = Unclear *****N = No.

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