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Table 2 Carbohydrate stem cell markers

From: What makes cancer stem cell markers different?

Marker

Description

Expression on stem cell-like populations

References

H type 1

SSEA-5, stage-specific embryonic antigen-5; carried on proteins Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-

PSC, iPSC; CSC (germ cell carcinomas)

1

CD15

Lewis X, SSEA-1, stage-specific embryonic antigen-1; carried on lipids or proteins Galβ1-4[Fucα1-3]GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-

ESC, NSC, MSC; CSC (globlastomas)

2-7

CD60a

GD3; ganglioside NeuAcα2-8NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-

NSC; CSC (differentiated germ cell carcinomas, melanomas)

7, 8

CD77

Gb3, Pk antigen, Burkitt lymphoma antigen (BLA); globoside Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-

CSC (Burkitt lymphoma, breast cancer, germ cell carcinomas)

8, 9

CD173

H type 2; carried on proteins or lipids Fucα1-2Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-

ESC cell lines, HProgC, MSC

9-11, 13

CD174

Lewis Y; carried on proteins or lipids Fucα1-2Galβ1-4[Fucα1-3]GlcNAcβ1-

HProgC; CSC (breast cancer)

9, 11

CD175

Tn antigen; carried on proteins GalNAcα1-

ESC cell lines; onfFN

12,13

CD176

TF, Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, core-1; carried on proteins Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-

ESC; CSC (diverse carcinomas and leukemias); onfFN

12-14

GD2

OFA-I-2; ganglioside GalNAcβ1-4[NeuAcα2-8NeuAcα2-3]Galβ1-4Glcβ1-

NSC, MSC; CSC (differentiated germ cell carcinomas, breast cancer, melanomas)

7, 8, 10, 15

Gb4

Globoside GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-

CSC (germ cell carcinomas)

8

Gb5

SSEA-3, stage-specific embryonic antigen-3; globoside Carries TFβ (the β-anomer of TF) Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-

ESC, MSC, iPSC; CSC (breast cancer, germ cell carcinomas)

4, 8, 16-19

Sialyl-Gb5

SSEA-4, stage-specific embryonic antigen-4, GL7; globoside NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-

ESC, MSC, iPSC, ProgC (breast); CSC (germ cell carcinomas)

4, 8, 16, 17, 19-21

Globo-H

Carried on proteins or lipids Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Gal-

CSC (breast cancer)

18

TRA-1-60

Tumor-recognition antigen; carried on protein Sialylated keratan sulfate proteoglycan

ESC, MSC; CSC (teratocarcinomas)

4, 19, 22

  1. Abbreviations: CSC cancer stem cell, ESC embryonic stem cell, HProgC hematogenic progenitor cell, iPSC induced pluripotent stem cell, MSC mesenchymal stem cell, NSC neuronal stem cell, onfFN oncofetal fibronectin, ProgC progenitor cell, PSC pluripotent stem cell.
  2. ,Tang et al. 2011; 2, Solter and Knowles Solter and Knowles 1978; 3, Son et al. Son et al. 2009; 4, Huang et al. Huang et al. 2009; 5, Hennen and Faissner Hennen and Faissner 2012; 6, Riethdorf et al. Riethdorf et al. 2006; 7, Yanagisawa et al. Yanagisawa et al. 2011; 8, Wenk et al. Wenk et al. 1994; 9, Cao et al. Cao et al. 2001; 10, Lin et al. Lin et al. 2010b; Schäfer et al. 11, Schäfer et al. Schäfer et al. 2011; 12, Matsuura et al. Matsuura et al. 1988; 13, Wearne et al. Wearne et al. 2008Lin et al. 2010a; 15, Battula et al. Battula et al. 2012; 16, Kannagi et al. Kannagi et al. 1983; 17, Henderson et al. Henderson et al. 2002; 18, Chang et al. Chang et al. 2008; 19, Carpenter et al. Carpenter et al. 2003; 20, Gang et al. Gang et al. 2007; 21, LaBarge et al. LaBarge et al. 2007; 22, Badcock et al. Badcock et al. 1999.
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