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Table 1 Examples of non-carbohydrate stem cell markers which are also cancer stem cell markers

From: What makes cancer stem cell markers different?

Marker

Description

Expressed on

Selected references

Cellular localization

Normal stem or progenitor cells

Cancer stem cells

ALDH1

Aldehyde dehydrogenase Cytoplasma

AdSC (breast)

CSC (breast and other carcinomas

1

Bmi-1

Polycomb protein Cytoplasma

HSC, NSC, AdSC (intestine, breast, prostate)

CSC (breast, prostate cancer, neuroblastomas, leukemias)

2, 3

CD29

Integrin-β1 Membrane

AdSC (breast)

CSC (breast, colon cancer)

4, 5

CD34

Adhesion protein Membrane

HSC, MSC, HProgC, EnProgC

CSC (leukemias, sarcomas)

6-11

CD44

Hyaluronan receptor, adhesion protein Membrane

HSC, HProgC, PSC

CSC (many carcinomas)

12-16

CD90

Thy-1 Membrane

ProgC (thymus), MSC

CSC (breast cancer, glioblastomas)

17, 18

CD117

SCF receptor Membrane

ProgC

CSC (breast, ovarian, lung cancer, glioblastomas)

16, 19

CD133

Prominin-1 Membrane

HSC, NSC, AdSC (colon)

CSC (many carcinomas, glioblastomas, melanomas)

20-24

CDw338

ABCG2, Bcrp1 ABC transporter, permitting multi-drug resistance Membrane

ESC, HSC, AdSC

CSC (breast, lung cancer, glioblastomas, melanomas)

25, 26

Nestin

Class VI intermediate filament protein Cytoplasma

NSC, ProgC (brain), HProgC

CSC (glioblastomas, melanomas)

27, 28

Oct-4

Transcription factor Cytoplasma

ESC, iPSC

CSC (many carcinomas)

29, 30

  1. This table lists only a few examples (exclusively human data) and selected references. It is not intended as a full review.
  2. Abbreviations: AdSC adult stem cell, CSC cancer stem cell, EnProgC endothelial progenitor cell, ESC embryonic stem cell, HProgC hematopoietic progenitor cell, HSC hematopoietic stem cell, ProgC progenitor cell, PSC pluripotent stem cell, iPSC induced pluripotent stem cell.
  3. ,Ginestier et al. 2007; 2, Sangiorgi and Capecchi Sangiorgi and Capecchi 2008; 3, Lukacs et al. Lukacs et al. 2010; 4, Pontier and Muller Pontier and Muller 2009; 5, Taddei et al. Taddei et al. 2008; 6, Krause et al. Krause et al. 1996; 7, Furness et al. Furness et al. 2006; 8, Tardio Tardio 2009; 9, Annaloro et al. Annaloro et al. 2011; 10, Srour et al. Srour et al. 1991; 11, Basso and Timeus Basso and Timeus 1998; Günthert et al. 12, Günthert et al. Günthert et al. 1991; Zöller 13, Zöller Zöller 2011; 14, Singh et al. Singh et al. 2001; 15, Takaishi et al. Takaishi et al. 2009; 16, Zhang et al. Zhang et al. 2008; 17, Augello et al. Augello et al. 2010; 18, Salcido et al. Salcido et al. 2010; 19, Ponnusamy and Batra Ponnusamy and Batra 2008; 20, Liu et al. Liu et al. 2006; 21, Mizrak et al. Mizrak et al. 2008; 22, Ricci-Vitani et al. Ricci-Vitani et al. 2007; 23, Kemper et al. Kemper et al. 2010; O’Brien et al. 24, O’Brien et al. O’Brien et al. 2007; 25, Bunting Bunting 2002; 26, Monzani et al. Monzani et al. 2007; 27, Krupkova et al. Krupkova et al. 2010; Dell’Albani 28, Dell’Albani Dell’Albani 2008; 29, Monk and Holding Monk and Holding 2001; 30, Carpenter et al. Carpenter et al. 2003.