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Table 4 BMI and weight gain and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women not currently using hormone therapy by young-adult BMI and time since menopause

From: Body size, modifying factors, and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in a multiethnic population: the San Francisco Bay Area Breast Cancer Study

 

Young-adult BMI

Young-adult BMI

 

≤22.4 kg/m2

>22.4 kg/m2

All breast cancer

Cases (n = 413)

Controls (n = 614)

OR a 95% CI

Cases (n = 348)

Controls (n = 644)

OR a 95% CI

P interaction

Current BMI (kg/m2) b

      

0.01

 <25.0

167

243

1.0

38

77

1.0

 25.0-29.9

131

232

0.77 0.56-1.06

136

217

1.28 0.80-2.05

 ≥30.0

115

138

1.22 0.86-1.74

174

350

0.92 0.58-1.45

Ptrend = 0.42

Ptrend = 0.19

Weight gain (kg) c,d

      

0.12

 Stable e

35

52

1.0

43

87

1.0

 Gain, 3.0-9.9

106

142

1.20 0.71-2.03

74

148

1.03 0.64-1.66

 Gain, 10.0-19.9

109

198

0.82 0.49-1.38

108

176

1.26 0.80-1.99

 Gain, 20.0-29.9

90

126

1.11 0.65-1.91

51

120

0.81 0.48-1.36

 Gain, ≥30.0

67

84

1.14 0.64-2.05

44

69

1.08 0.62-1.90

 
   

Ptrend = 0.84

  

Ptrend = 0.81

 

ER+PR+ breast cancer

Cases (n = 209)

Controls (n = 614)

OR a 95% CI

Cases (n = 187)

Controls (n = 644)

OR a 95% CI

P interaction

Current BMI (kg/m2) b

      

0.01

 <25.0

77

243

1.0

19

77

1.0

 25.0-29.9

63

232

0.87 0.57-1.32

74

217

1.42 0.78-2.59

 ≥30.0

69

138

1.97 1.26-3.09

94

350

1.10 0.61-1.98

Ptrend = 0.01

Ptrend = 0.69

Weight gain (kg) c,f

      

0.08

Stable e

20

52

1.0

24

87

1.0

 Gain, 3.0-9.9

42

142

0.97 0.50-1.88

37

148

0.99 0.54-1.80

 Gain, 10.0-19.9

52

198

0.83 0.43-1.59

62

176

1.44 0.82-2.54

 Gain, 20.0-29.9

50

126

1.35 0.69-2.64

27

120

0.88 0.46-1.69

 Gain, ≥30.0

41

84

1.71 0.83-3.52

26

69

1.48 0.75-2.94

 
   

Ptrend = 0.03

  

Ptrend = 0.42

 
 

<15 Years Since Menopause g

≥15 Years Since Menopause g

 

All breast cancer

Cases (n = 335)

Controls (n = 552)

OR a 95% CI

Cases (n = 352)

Controls (n = 576)

OR a 95% CI

P interaction

Current BMI (kg/m2) b

      

0.09

 <25.0

98

134

1.0

82

138

1.0

 25.0-29.9

115

187

0.85 0.57-1.26

126

229

0.97 0.67-1.41

 ≥30.0

120

227

0.70 0.47-1.03

143

205

1.24 0.84-1.81

Ptrend = 0.07

Ptrend = 0.22

Current BMI (kg/m2) –adjusted for weight gain b,h

      

0.31

 <25.0

  

1.0

  

1.0

 25.0-29.9

0.89 0.56-1.42

0.73 0.46-1.15

 ≥30.0

0.85 0.47-1.51

0.68 0.39-1.18

Ptrend = 0.58

Ptrend = 0.20

Young-adult BMI (kg/m2) i,j

      

0.57

 T1: ≤21.2

120

181

1.0

127

163

1.0

 T2: 21.3-23.7

112

163

1.03 0.72-1.48

112

174

0.82 0.58-1.16

 T3: >23.7

90

181

0.78 0.53-1.14

92

199

0.59 0.41-0.85

Ptrend = 0.22

Ptrend < 0.01

Weight gain (kg) c,k

      

0.12

 Stable e

33

55

1.0

32

68

1.0

 Gain, 3.0-9.9

85

116

1.13 0.65-1.96

72

133

1.29 0.76-2.20

 Gain, 10.0-19.9

101

165

0.89 0.53-1.52

92

152

1.40 0.83-2.35

 Gain, 20.0-29.9

52

98

0.82 0.46-1.48

66

105

1.44 0.83-2.50

 Gain, ≥30.0

40

73

0.69 0.37-1.30

53

55

2.09 1.15-3.81

Ptrend = 0.08

Ptrend = 0.02

Weight gain (kg) – adjusted for current BMI c,k,l

      

0.12

 Stable e

  

1.0

  

1.0

 Gain, 3.0-9.9

  

1.16 0.67-2.01

  

1.34 0.78-2.30

 Gain, 10.0-19.9

  

0.96 0.54-1.71

  

1.67 0.93-2.99

 Gain, 20.0-29.9

  

0.91 0.46-1.82

  

1.77 0.92-3.38

 Gain, ≥30.0

  

0.78 0.36-1.68

  

2.71 1.29-5.69

 
   

Ptrend = 0.40

  

Ptrend = 0.01

 

ER+PR+ breast cancer

Cases (n = 156)

Controls (n = 552)

OR a 95% CI

Cases (n = 201)

Controls (n = 576)

OR a 95% CI

P interaction

Current BMI (kg/m2) b

      

0.45

 <25.0

42

134

1.0

40

138

1.0

 25.0-29.9

47

187

0.89 0.53-1.50

77

229

1.26 0.79-2.02

 ≥30.0

66

227

1.07 0.64-1.78

84

205

1.63 1.00-2.65

Ptrend = 0.71

Ptrend = 0.05

Current BMI (kg/m2) –adjusted for weight gain b,h

      

0.43

 <25.0

  

1.0

  

1.0

 25.0-29.9

  

0.97 0.52-1.81

  

1.15 0.64-2.07

 ≥30.0

  

1.35 0.63-2.87

  

0.94 0.46-1.92

Ptrend = 0.40

Ptrend = 0.75

Young-adult BMI (kg/m2) i,j

      

0.76

 T1: ≤21.2

56

181

1.0

67

163

1.0

 T2: 21.3-23.7

49

163

1.00 0.62-1.59

66

174

0.89 0.58-1.37

 T3: >23.7

45

181

0.89 0.54-1.46

58

199

0.70 0.45-1.10

Ptrend = 0.64

Ptrend = 0.12

Weight gain (kg) c,m

      

0.51

 Stable e

16

55

1.0

22

68

1.0

 Gain, 3.0-9.9

34

116

0.94 0.46-1.93

34

133

0.93 0.48-1.77

 Gain, 10.0-19.9

48

165

0.98 0.49-1.94

53

152

1.25 0.68-2.30

 Gain, 20.0-29.9

24

98

0.85 0.40-1.84

40

105

1.38 0.72-2.64

 Gain, ≥30.0

24

73

0.99 0.45-2.17

33

55

2.32 1.15-4.69

Ptrend = 0.91

Ptrend = 0.01

Weight gain (kg) – adjusted for current BMI c,l,m

      

0.48

 Stable e

  

1.0

  

1.0

 Gain, 3.0-9.9

  

0.95 0.46-1.95

  

0.86 0.44-1.68

 Gain, 10.0-19.9

  

0.94 0.44-1.97

  

1.17 0.59-2.33

 Gain, 20.0-29.9

  

0.70 0.28-1.73

  

1.39 0.64-3.01

 Gain, ≥30.0

  

0.76 0.29-1.99

  

2.47 1.03-5.94

Ptrend = 0.50

Ptrend = 0.03

  1. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ER+, estrogen receptor–positive; OR, odds ratio; PR+, progesterone receptor–positive.
  2. a Adjusted for age (years, continuous), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, African American, Hispanic), place of birth (U.S.-born, foreign-born), education (some high school or less, high school or vocational/technical school graduate, some college, college graduate), family history of breast cancer in first-degree relatives (no, yes), personal history of biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease (no, yes), age at menarche (≤11, 12, 13, ≥14 years), number of full-term pregnancies (nulliparous, 1, 2, 3, ≥4), age at first full-term pregnancy (nulliparous, ≤19, 20–24, 25–29, ≥30 years), lifetime breast-feeding (nulliparous, 0, ≤6, 7–12, 13–24, ≥25 months), lifetime physical activity (quartiles, hours/week), alcohol consumption in reference year (0, 0.1-4.9, 5–9.9, 10–19.9, ≥20 g/day), and total caloric intake (quartiles, kcal/day).
  3. b Based on self-reported weight and measured height at interview (if not available, then based on measured weight at interview and/or self-reported height).
  4. c Self-reported weight (or measured weight at interview if self-reported weight not available) minus self-reported young-adult weight.
  5. d Excludes 34 cases and 55 controls who lost >3 kg of weight.
  6. e Stable weight defined as +/- 3 kg.
  7. f Excludes 15 ER+PR+ cases and 55 controls who lost >3 kg of weight.
  8. g Among women with natural or surgical menopause only.
  9. h Adjusted for above variables, and weight gain.
  10. i Based on tertiles among all postmenopausal controls.
  11. j Based on self-reported young-adult weight and measured height at interview (or self-reported adult height when measured height not available).
  12. k Excludes 28 cases and 46 controls who lost >3 kg of weight.
  13. l Adjusted for above variables, and current BMI.
  14. m Excludes 13 ER+PR+ cases and 46 controls who lost >3 kg of weight.
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