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Table 3 Percentage of Bias in Estimates

From: Principled missing data methods for researchers

 

LD

MI

FIML

EM

(a) Overall missing rate = 20% a

GENDER

5.07

4.61

3.00

3.00

DROPOUT

5.55

8.02

7.76

7.76

ESTEEM

-11.52

-12.57

-10.99

-10.99

FAMSTR

2.72

-0.54

-0.27

-0.27

(b) Overall missing rate = 60% b

GENDER

10.14

4.61

4.84

4.84

DROPOUT

32.85

33.02

30.72

33.28

ESTEEM

-1.05

-13.61

-12.04

-12.57

FAMSTR

30.52

-17.71

-18.26

-18.26

  1. Note. Percentage of bias was calculated as the ratio of the difference between the incomplete data estimate and the complete data estimate divided by the complete data estimate.
  2. aThe actual overall missing rate was 19.21%. bThe actual overall missing rate was 60.42%.