Figure 4

Shown here are six displays, similar to that shown at the top in Figure 1 , for a number of different timesteps during the first two solar cycles. Each field entity contains the same amount of magnetic flux; their orientation shows the direction the field is moving relative to the fluid. The arrows are reduced in size at higher latitudes to illustrate the expansion of coordinates in Mercator projections. Each display is the equivalent of a synoptic longitude vs. latitude map on the Sun. The times shown are in program time units, called tick s. The displays are Mercator projections taken from ≈two solar cycles (≈22 years), the time period used in Figure1. The model starts with an outward field in the north (blue arrows) and inward field in the south (red arrows). New activity centers first appear at high latitudes in the top left panel. Proceeding downwards, as time passes, activity centers form at lower latitudes, as in the Butterfly diagram. One can see large-scale patterns, similar to UMRs, form as same-sign fields gather together. One can also observe two polar field reversals, also shown in Plot A of Figure 1.