Index | General description for index-reconstruction: | Reference |
---|---|---|
NHT | Average surface land temperature and SST of the Northern Hemisphere | |
AMO | SSTA averaged over 0 to 60°N, 75°W to 7.5°W | |
NAO | Normalized pressure (SLP) difference between the Azores High-Pressure system (~33.2°W, 32.2°N) and the Icelandic Low-Pressure system (~33.15°W, 59.6°N). [~1st PC of SLP in North Atlantic] | (Hurrell 1995) |
NINO3.4 | Average SSTA 5°N to 5°S, 170°W to 120°W | (Trenberth 1997) |
NPO | 2nd EOF of SLPA from 100°E to 120°W, 0 to 90°N | (Wang et al. 2007) |
PDO | Leading PC of SSTA north of 20°N in North Pacific; globally averaged SSTA subtracted from SSTA in Pacific to remove global-warming signal. | (Mantua et al. 1997) |
ALPI | Relative intensity of SLP in North Pacific around 50°N in winter (DJFM). The mean area in km^2 with SLP less than 100.5kPa. Expressed as anomaly relative to 1950 to 1997 mean. | (Beamish et al. 1997) |