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Table 1 Results on the OPTW test instances

From: Iterated local search algorithm for solving the orienteering problem with soft time windows

Instance-n

BKS

I3CH

ABC

VNS

ILS

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

C101-100

320

320

0.0

21.8

320

0.0

0.4

320

0.0

72.2

320

0.0

0.2

C102-100

360

360

0.0

28.1

360

0.0

0.6

360

0.0

102.2

360

0.0

0.3

C103-100

400

400

0.0

27.1

398

0.5

3.6

398

0.5

106.2

400

0.0

0.2

C104-100

420

420

0.0

27.1

420

0.0

15.2

418

0.5

124.3

420

0.0

0.4

C105-100

340

340

0.0

23.4

340

0.0

0.5

340

0.0

87.1

340

0.0

0.4

C106-100

340

340

0.0

23.6

340

0.0

0.5

340

0.0

86.7

340

0.0

0.5

C107-100

370

370

0.0

24.7

370

0.0

1.3

370

0.0

88.7

370

0.0

0.1

C108-100

370

370

0.0

24.8

370

0.0

0.9

370

0.0

99.3

370

0.0

0.5

C109-100

380

380

0.0

26.3

380

0.0

0.5

380

0.0

118.7

380

0.0

6.8

Avg

0.0

25.2

 

0.1

2.6

 

0.1

98.4

 

0.0

1.0

R101-100

198

198

0.0

20.4

190.0

4.2

0.3

198.0

0.0

49.9

198

0.0

0.1

R102-100

286

286

0.0

29.3

281.6

1.6

2.2

285.2

0.3

77.9

286

0.0

0.2

R103-100

293

293

0.0

28.8

292.0

0.3

1.1

293.0

0.0

90.2

293

0.0

1.4

R104-100

303

298

1.7

27.3

299.6

1.1

1.7

303.0

0.0

95.9

303

0.0

1.5

R105-100

247

247

0.0

26.0

242.6

1.8

9.1

247.0

0.0

85.4

247

0.0

0.7

R106-100

293

293

0.0

29.4

289.0

1.4

1.6

292.2

0.3

89.6

293

0.0

0.2

R107-100

299

297

0.7

27.8

299.0

0.0

7.1

299.0

0.0

105.5

299

0.0

0.5

R108-100

308

306

0.7

29.7

308.0

0.0

4.6

308

0.0

119.1

308

0.0

0.9

R109-100

277

277

0.0

31.1

277.0

0.0

1.6

277.0

0.0

77.4

277

0.0

0.2

R110-100

284

284

0.0

33.9

282.2

0.6

8.1

284.0

0.0

86.0

284

0.0

1.3

R111-100

297

295

0.7

27.7

294.0

1.0

1.7

297.0

0.0

95.4

297

0.0

10.9

R112-100

298

289

3.1

32.0

297.0

0.3

2.4

297.9

0.0

97.0

298

0.0

3.3

Avg

0.6

28.6

 

1.0

3.5

 

0.1

89.1

 

0.0

1.8

RC101-100

219

219

0.0

21.8

219

0.0

0.5

219

0.0

61.2

219

0.0

0.2

RC102-100

266

266

0.0

25.5

266

0.0

0.6

266

0.0

54.7

266

0.0

0.4

RC103-100

266

266

0.0

27.1

266

0.0

10.7

266

0.0

69.2

266

0.0

2.0

RC104-100

301

301

0.0

27.2

301

0.0

20.3

301

0.0

62.5

301

0.0

0.3

RC105-100

244

244

0.0

26.4

244

0.0

1.3

244

0.0

65.2

244

0.0

4.3

RC106-100

252

250

0.8

25.0

251.4

0.2

8.1

252

0.0

67.4

252

0.0

0.3

RC107-100

277

274

1.1

26.3

276.2

0.3

10.4

277

0.0

72.4

277

0.0

0.3

RC108-100

298

264

12.9

25.1

298

0.0

11.3

298

0.0

71.5

298

0.0

0.1

Avg

1.9

25.6

 

0.1

7.9

 

0.0

65.5

 

0.0

1.0

PR01-48

308

305

1.0

20.8

307

0.3

5.8

308

0.0

77.9

PR02-96

404

394

2.5

47.9

391.2

3.2

4.9

403.9

0.0

244.6

PR03-144

394

394

0.0

72.9

394

0.0

12.6

390.5

0.9

387.2

PR04-192

489

489

0.0

109.3

486

0.6

67.4

488.1

0.2

541.6

PR05-240

595

594

0.2

185.4

586.8

1.4

91.4

586.1

1.5

1455.2

PR06-288

591

590

0.2

189.9

573.6

2.9

247.4

588.2

0.5

1633.8

PR07-72

298

298

0.0

26.5

298

0.0

4.3

297.5

0.2

131.0

PR08-144

463

454

1.9

77.4

462

0.2

15.0

452.2

2.3

514.1

PR09-216

493

490

0.6

137.8

481.8

2.3

126.3

481.5

2.3

920.8

PR10-288

594

568

4.4

222.2

570.4

4.0

210.3

575.5

3.1

1534.1

Avg

1.1

109.0

 

1.5

78.5

 

1.1

744.0

   

C201-100

870

870

0.0

70.1

870

0.0

11.2

870

0.0

507.8

870

0.0

36.7

C202-100

930

930

0.0

87.6

930

0.0

15.3

928

0.2

454.8

930

0.0

59.0

C203-100

960

960

0.0

92.3

958

0.2

14.8

960

0.0

614.3

960

0.0

137.2

C204-100

980

970

1.0

117.4

966

1.4

25.7

972

0.8

484

974

0.6

217.6

C205-100

910

900

1.1

70.7

900

1.1

1.7

908

0.2

645.4

908

0.2

56.2

C206-100

930

920

1.1

75.7

928

0.2

6.2

927

0.3

616.5

927

0.3

111.5

C207-100

930

930

0.0

77.4

918

1.3

2.3

930

0.0

599.5

930

0.0

68.1

C208-100

950

950

0.0

84.0

950

0.0

11.8

949

0.1

558.9

950

0.0

33.3

Avg

0.4

84.4

 

0.5

11.1

 

0.2

560.2

 

0.1

90.0

R201-100

797

789

1.0

101.8

787

1.3

20.3

796.7

0.0

1021.7

788.7

1.0

133.7

R202-100

930

930

0.0

175.6

895.8

3.7

40.6

905.6

2.6

1057.5

910.3

2.1

165.6

R203-100

1028

1020

0.8

221.4

1009

1.8

25.6

1007.9

2.0

1139.9

1011.3

1.6

213.5

R204-100

1093

1073

1.8

236.9

1070.4

2.1

34.0

1076.3

1.5

1253.5

1082.8

0.9

171.0

R205-100

953

946

0.7

129.3

953

0.0

32.9

952.6

0.0

745.1

948.4

0.5

169.9

R206-100

1032

1021

1.1

169.3

1018

1.4

21.3

1014

1.7

1168.1

1012.4

1.9

126.5

R207-100

1077

1050

2.5

192.8

1060.8

1.5

20.9

1061.5

1.4

1065.3

1059.5

1.6

174.0

R208-100

1117

1092

2.2

230.0

1084.6

2.9

26.7

1101.5

1.4

1160.8

1107.6

0.8

165.6

R209-100

959

948

1.1

136.5

934.6

2.5

26.3

947.8

1.2

925.9

949.7

1.0

145.8

R210-100

991

982

0.9

176.9

965.4

2.6

29.3

975.9

1.5

1065.6

970.8

2.0

171.8

R211-100

1051

1013

3.6

167.4

1019

3.0

15.0

1024.2

2.5

1120.7

1040.4

1.0

145.7

Avg

1.4

176.2

 

2.1

26.6

 

1.4

1065.8

 

1.3

162.1

RC201-100

795

795

0.0

80.9

784

1.4

24.9

795

0.0

640.8

795

0.0

63.5

RC202-100

938

924

1.5

129.3

926.8

1.2

27.3

925.6

1.3

951.5

929

1.0

156.2

RC203-100

1003

966

3.7

134.3

962.4

4.0

24.8

988.2

1.5

938.4

989.8

1.3

111.5

RC204-100

1140

1093

4.1

167.5

1109.2

2.7

23.4

1120.8

1.7

970.3

1131.3

0.8

165.0

RC205-100

859

847

1.4

99.2

852.3

0.8

27.2

845.9

1.5

726.6

854.7

0.5

100.5

RC206-100

899

863

4.0

98.4

890.2

1.0

24.9

878.4

2.3

838.7

894.1

0.5

152.0

RC207-100

983

957

2.6

122.0

977.0

0.6

15.8

960.8

2.3

893.5

952.1

3.1

129.9

RC208-100

1057

1003

5.1

123.0

1032.8

2.3

26.3

1043.5

1.3

995.5

1040.7

1.5

85.6

Avg

2.8

119.3

 

1.8

24.3

 

1.5

869.4

 

1.1

120.5

PR11-48

353

353

0.0

30.8

350.6

0.7

1.7

328

7.1

131.4

PR12-96

442

433

2.0

59.8

432

2.3

23.5

442

0.0

309.6

PR13-144

467

466

0.2

89.5

458.1

1.9

8.9

453.7

2.8

514.1

PR14-192

567

521

8.1

144.4

560.1

1.2

76.6

550.1

3.0

1163.8

PR15-240

708

707

0.1

248.2

666.4

5.9

274.6

663.2

6.3

1900.9

PR16-288

674

619

8.2

228.6

613.4

9.0

205.1

637

5.5

1854.1

PR17-72

362

360

0.6

34.7

359

0.8

6.6

358.3

1.0

140.5

PR18-144

539

497

7.8

99.0

535

0.7

22.1

519.4

3.6

760.9

PR19-216

562

538

4.3

164.6

541

3.7

70.7

551.6

1.9

1242.2

PR20-288

667

588

11.8

202.7

604.8

9.3

346.9

647.8

2.9

2441.9

Avg

4.3

130.2

 

3.6

103.7

 

3.4

1045.9

   

Instance-n

BKS

ACS

GVNS

GRASP-ELS

SSA

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

C101-100

320

320

0.0

0.5

320

0.0

0.2

320

0.0

1.2

320

0.0

20.4

C102-100

360

360

0.0

0.7

360

0.0

67.4

360

0.0

16.5

360

0.0

20.7

C103-100

400

400

0.0

16.9

396

1.0

382.4

400

0.0

38.5

400

0.0

24.2

C104-100

420

420

0.0

33.5

410

2.4

1005.9

420

0.0

105.2

420

0.0

21.9

C105-100

340

340

0.0

0.9

340

0.0

3.3

340

0.0

2.3

340

0.0

20.6

C106-100

340

340

0.0

1.0

340

0.0

6.5

340

0.0

3.8

340

0.0

20.3

C107-100

370

370

0.0

2.1

358

3.4

0.7

370

0.0

3.7

370

0.0

20.5

C108-100

370

370

0.0

0.8

354

4.5

1.1

370

0.0

6.6

370

0.0

20.5

C109-100

380

380

0.0

0.8

380

0.0

30.6

380

0.0

25.5

380

0.0

20.5

Avg

0.0

6.4

 

1.3

166.5

 

0.0

22.6

 

0.0

21.1

R101-100

198

198

0.0

0.1

197

0.5

0.2

198

0.0

0.9

198

0.0

19.7

R102-100

286

286

0.0

11.1

274.8

4.1

13.4

286

0.0

2.3

286

0.0

21

R103-100

293

292.6

0.1

640.6

286

2.4

33.8

290.4

0.9

4.8

293

0.0

20.3

R104-100

303

303

0.0

164.0

298.6

1.5

72.7

302.8

0.1

5.1

303

0.0

23.2

R105-100

247

247

0.0

3.0

230.6

7.1

0.3

247

0.0

1.2

247

0.0

20.3

R106-100

293

293

0.0

86.3

280.4

4.5

19.1

293

0.0

3.3

293

0.0

22.1

R107-100

299

294.6

1.5

922.6

287.2

4.1

50.3

296.4

0.9

4.8

297

0.7

21.5

R108-100

308

306

0.7

696.1

301.4

2.2

50.1

306.8

0.4

5.0

306

0.7

40.6

R109-100

277

277

0.0

28.0

276.4

0.2

10.4

277

0.0

2.7

277

0.0

20.4

R110-100

284

283.2

0.3

617.6

279.2

1.7

16.8

283.6

0.1

2.8

284

0.0

20.8

R111-100

297

296.6

0.1

484.4

290.6

2.2

54.2

297

0.0

4.6

297

0.0

27.9

R112-100

298

297.4

0.2

947.1

289.6

2.9

31.9

297.2

0.3

4.6

298

0.0

22.3

Avg

0.2

383.4

 

2.8

29.4

 

0.2

3.5

 

0.1

23.3

RC101-100

219

219

0.0

0.2

219

0.0

2.1

219

0.0

0.6

219

0.0

19.8

RC102-100

266

266

0.0

30.9

246

8.1

5.8

259

2.7

2.1

266

0.0

20.2

RC103-100

266

266

0.0

57.2

253.2

5.1

23.3

265.2

0.3

2.7

266

0.0

20.7

RC104-100

301

301

0.0

29.4

301

0.0

16.2

300.2

0.3

3.1

301

0.0

27.5

RC105-100

244

244

0.0

9.7

227

7.5

2.7

244

0.0

1.4

244

0.0

20.3

RC106-100

252

252

0.0

308.6

252

0.0

2.2

252

0.0

1.2

252

0.0

21

RC107-100

277

277

0.0

502.1

261.2

6.0

15.7

277

0.0

1.9

277

0.0

22

RC108-100

298

298

0.0

207.5

288.8

3.2

10.4

298

0.0

2.9

298

0.0

26

Avg

0.0

143.2

 

3.7

9.8

 

0.4

2.0

 

0.0

22.2

PR01-48

308

308

0.0

256.2

307.2

0.3

1.2

308

0.0

1.2

305

1.0

8.3

PR02-96

404

403.8

0.0

1147.8

403.6

0.1

3.7

402.6

0.3

3.0

404

0.0

29.1

PR03-144

394

394

0.0

2024.7

388

1.5

4.1

394

0.0

3.1

394

0.0

59.9

PR04-192

489

482.6

1.3

1404.7

475.4

2.8

14.7

474.6

2.9

5.3

489

0.0

106.7

PR05-240

595

576.8

3.1

2075.7

578

2.9

20.5

581

2.4

9.1

589

1.0

281.7

PR06-288

591

564.6

4.5

2199.8

584.2

1.2

29.0

583.4

1.3

8.6

575

2.7

253.4

PR07-72

298

298

0.0

20.1

297

0.3

1.7

294.4

1.2

1.6

298

0.0

15.0

PR08-144

463

462.6

0.1

2476.0

463

0.0

3.8

462.8

0.0

3.3

462

0.2

76.0

PR09-216

493

481.8

2.3

2318.2

482

2.2

12.3

477.8

3.1

7.0

482

2.2

102.3

PR10-288

594

588.4

0.9

2343.5

564.4

5.0

32.7

574.2

3.3

8.1

578

2.7

189.7

Avg

1.2

1626.7

 

1.6

12.4

 

1.5

5.0

 

1.0

112.2

C201-100

870

870

0.0

189.8

850

2.3

0.1

870

0.0

2.5

870

0.0

28.3

C202-100

930

930

0.0

319.0

916

1.5

78.7

910

2.2

20.4

930

0.0

33.5

C203-100

960

960

0.0

361.0

956

0.4

329

960

0.0

45.2

960

0.0

59.6

C204-100

980

970

1.0

1617.5

966

1.4

974

970

1.0

130.3

970

1.0

42.3

C205-100

910

906

0.4

28.2

898

1.3

12.5

906

0.4

10.6

910

0.0

46.9

C206-100

930

920

1.1

87.9

922

0.9

34.4

926

0.4

13.4

930

0.0

29

C207-100

930

920

1.1

48.5

928

0.2

36.3

930

0.0

17.3

930

0.0

29.1

C208-100

950

940.2

1.0

89.0

942

0.8

74.2

942

0.8

17.7

950

0.0

31.2

Avg

0.6

342.6

 

1.1

192.4

 

0.6

32.2

 

0.1

37.5

R201-100

797

795.8

0.2

2339.9

775.6

2.7

6.7

788.2

1.1

5.3

794

0.4

51.1

R202-100

930

899.6

3.3

1724.4

881.4

5.2

13.4

909.8

2.2

9.6

914

1.7

46.4

R203-100

1028

989.9

3.7

2641.7

992.2

3.5

34.7

1001.4

2.6

12.6

997

3.0

44.2

R204-100

1093

1046.4

4.3

1549.1

1073.8

1.8

77.6

1071.8

1.9

15.2

1058

3.2

39.7

R205-100

953

939.2

1.4

1125.4

905.8

5.0

15.3

927.2

2.7

7.8

946

0.7

37.8

R206-100

1032

983.0

4.7

1671.4

966.6

6.3

34.9

1023.6

0.8

10.7

1020

1.2

40.9

R207-100

1077

1026.6

4.7

1090.3

1022

5.1

46.6

1049.2

2.6

13.5

1069

0.7

52.5

R208-100

1117

1057.2

5.4

1260.9

1083.6

3.0

52.9

1100.2

1.5

15.9

1079

3.4

35.8

R209-100

959

923.4

3.7

1453.2

926

3.4

37.3

937.4

2.3

10.3

945

1.5

61.6

R210-100

991

956.4

3.5

979.1

961.4

3.0

30.1

969

2.2

10.8

973

1.8

53.6

R211-100

1051

1006.8

4.2

1288.1

1025.6

2.4

22.5

1028.2

2.2

11.3

1041

1.0

40.5

Avg

3.5

1556.7

 

3.8

33.8

 

2.0

11.2

 

1.7

45.8

RC201-100

795

795

0.0

640.8

784

1.4

3.7

786.4

1.1

4.2

795

0.0

44.4

RC202-100

938

931.6

0.7

951.5

890.6

5.1

12.1

922.8

1.6

8.9

930

0.9

46.3

RC203-100

1003

976.6

2.6

938.4

954.4

4.8

22.5

978.2

2.5

9.6

967

3.6

32.4

RC204-100

1140

1086.2

4.7

970.3

1101.8

3.4

31.9

1096.0

3.9

11.9

1140

0.0

46.5

RC205-100

859

848.4

1.2

726.6

843.8

1.8

7

844.6

1.7

6.8

854

0.6

52.6

RC206-100

899

884.0

1.7

838.7

866.6

3.6

11.6

886.8

1.4

6.1

885

1.6

60.2

RC207-100

983

960.8

2.3

893.5

911.4

7.3

14.7

965.4

1.8

7.5

977

0.6

68.4

RC208-100

1057

1013.2

4.1

995.5

1000.2

5.4

24.6

1007.0

4.7

10.7

1041

1.5

51.2

Avg

2.2

869.4

 

4.1

16.0

 

2.3

8.2

 

1.1

50.3

PR11-48

353

327.8

7.1

1743.7

329

6.8

1.9

329.2

6.7

2.0

351.0

0.6

10.3

PR12-96

442

436.4

1.3

2017.6

435

1.6

6.5

442.0

0.0

4.0

430.0

2.7

26.3

PR13-144

467

441.0

5.6

2312.7

452.4

3.1

16.2

456.6

2.2

4.9

452.0

3.2

49.0

PR14-192

567

494.0

12.9

23.1

540.6

4.7

32.4

541.2

4.6

8.8

540.0

4.8

134.3

PR15-240

708

524.8

25.9

18.2

656.6

7.3

29.4

665.0

6.1

13.1

666.0

5.9

118.5

PR16-288

674

517.8

23.2

25.7

643.4

4.5

60.9

652.6

3.2

16.2

616.0

8.6

558.0

PR17-72

362

358.0

1.1

1330.9

354.6

2.0

5.4

356.2

1.6

2.4

362.0

0.0

37.6

PR18-144

539

488.8

9.3

1350.0

530.8

1.5

10.4

517.6

4.0

5.0

539.0

0.0

61.8

PR19-216

562

475.0

15.5

30.0

507.8

9.6

22.1

537.8

4.3

8.7

531.0

5.5

152.9

PR20-288

667

552.4

17.2

24.6

655.0

1.8

57.0

656.6

1.6

13.9

626.0

6.1

475.3

Avg

11.9

887.7

 

4.3

24.2

 

3.4

7.9

 

3.7

162.4

Instance-n

BKS

IterLS

FSA

DABC

HILS

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

C101-100

320

320

0.0

0.4

320

0.0

0.4

312

2.5

0.4

320

0.0

0.4

C102-100

360

360

0.0

0.3

360

0.0

0.3

360

0.0

98.6

360

0.0

0.4

C103-100

400

390

2.6

0.5

390

2.5

0.5

390

2.5

1.0

390

2.5

0.4

C104-100

420

400

5.0

0.3

410

2.4

0.3

420

0.0

10.4

420

0.0

0.7

C105-100

340

340

0.0

0.3

330

2.9

0.3

322

5.3

1.2

340

0.0

0.4

C106-100

340

340

0.0

0.3

340

0.0

0.3

340

0.0

2.0

340

0.0

0.4

C107-100

370

360

2.8

0.3

370

0.0

0.3

350

5.4

1.2

370

0.0

0.4

C108-100

370

370

0.0

0.3

370

0.0

0.3

370

0.0

18.8

370

0.0

0.4

C109-100

380

380

0.0

0.3

380

0.0

0.3

380

0.0

22.0

380

0.0

0.4

Avg

1.2

0.3

 

0.9

0.3

 

1.7

17.3

 

0.3

0.4

R101-100

198

182

8.8

0.1

198

0.0

0.1

182.2

8.0

0.6

198

0.0

0.2

R102-100

286

286

0.0

0.2

282

1.4

0.2

286

0.0

5.4

286

0.0

0.6

R103-100

293

286

2.4

0.2

293

0.0

0.2

293

0.0

49.4

287

2.0

0.7

R104-100

303

297

2.0

0.2

294

3.0

0.2

303

0.0

15

299

1.3

0.7

R105-100

247

247

0.0

0.1

247

0.0

0.1

243.4

1.5

62.2

247

0.0

0.3

R106-100

293

293

0.0

0.2

270

7.8

0.2

293

0.0

0.8

293

0.0

0.6

R107-100

299

288

3.8

0.2

277

7.4

0.2

297

0.7

1.4

299

0.0

0.7

R108-100

308

297

3.7

0.2

294

4.5

0.2

306

0.6

31

308

0.0

0.7

R109-100

277

276

0.4

0.2

264

4.7

0.2

233.4

15.7

0.6

276

0.4

0.4

R110-100

284

281

1.1

0.3

282

0.7

0.3

281.2

1.0

1.0

281

1.1

0.4

R111-100

297

295

0.7

0.2

286

3.7

0.2

295

0.7

85.4

294

1.0

0.7

R112-100

298

295

1.0

0.2

284

4.7

0.2

290.8

2.4

50.8

295

1.0

0.7

Avg

2.0

0.2

 

3.2

0.2

 

2.6

25.3

 

0.6

0.6

RC101-100

219

219

0.0

0.2

216

1.4

0.2

206

5.9

2.2

219

0.0

0.2

RC102-100

266

259

2.7

0.2

249

6.4

0.2

259

2.6

1.0

259

2.6

0.3

RC103-100

266

265

0.4

0.3

265

0.4

0.3

255.8

3.8

6.4

248

6.8

0.3

RC104-100

301

297

1.3

0.3

263

12.6

0.3

288.4

4.2

86.8

275

8.6

0.3

RC105-100

244

221

10.4

0.2

219

10.2

0.2

228

6.6

4.4

244

0.0

0.3

RC106-100

252

239

5.4

0.2

240

4.8

0.2

225

10.7

0.6

244

3.2

0.3

RC107-100

277

274

1.1

0.2

244

11.9

0.2

262.4

5.3

45

276

0.4

0.3

RC108-100

298

288

3.5

0.2

263

11.7

0.2

284

4.7

82.6

278

6.7

0.3

Avg

3.1

0.2

 

7.4

0.2

 

5.5

28.6

 

3.5

0.3

PR01-48

308

304

1.3

0.5

304

1.3

0.5

308

0.0

1.1

PR02-96

404

385

4.7

0.6

392

3.0

0.6

397

1.7

1.2

PR03-144

394

384

2.5

1.0

381

3.3

1.0

378

4.1

1.4

PR04-192

489

447

8.6

1.9

470

3.9

1.9

452

7.6

2.1

PR05-240

595

576

3.2

4.6

527

11.4

4.6

523

12.4

5.5

PR06-288

591

538

9.0

2.5

557

5.8

2.5

496

16.1

5.8

PR07-72

298

291

2.3

0.4

289

3.0

0.4

285

10.7

0.4

PR08-144

463

463

0.0

1.0

438

5.4

1.0

455

1.7

2.1

PR09-216

493

461

6.5

1.4

461

6.5

1.4

447

9.3

2.2

PR10-288

594

539

9.3

3.6

539

9.3

3.6

526

11.4

4.9

Avg

4.7

1.8

 

5.3

1.8

    

6.8

2.7

C201-100

870

840

3.4

1.1

870

0.0

1.1

840

3.4

23.8

870

0.0

3.9

C202-100

930

910

2.2

2.8

930

0.0

2.8

930

0.0

127.4

910

2.2

5.7

C203-100

960

940

2.1

1.7

940

2.1

1.7

960

0.0

153.4

960

0.0

6.2

C204-100

980

950

3.1

1.6

950

3.1

1.6

970

1.0

117.6

970

1.0

9.2

C205-100

910

900

1.1

1.2

900

1.1

1.2

906

0.4

23.6

900

1.1

5.3

C206-100

930

910

2.2

1.6

920

1.1

1.6

928

0.2

142

920

1.1

5.9

C207-100

930

910

2.2

2.1

930

0.0

2.1

930

0.0

142.4

920

1.1

6.1

C208-100

950

930

2.1

1.6

940

1.1

1.6

950

0.0

132.2

950

0.0

6.1

Avg

2.3

1.7

 

1.1

1.7

 

0.6

107.8

 

0.8

6.0

R201-100

797

788

1.1

1.2

772

3.1

1.2

784

1.6

49.4

781

2.0

6.1

R202-100

930

880

5.4

1.4

878

5.6

1.4

912.8

1.8

105.4

890

4.3

14.3

R203-100

1028

980

4.7

1.6

988

3.9

1.6

1019.6

0.8

218.6

970

5.6

22.4

R204-100

1093

1073

1.8

1.7

1059

3.1

1.7

1089.4

0.3

77.4

1037

5.1

29.6

R205-100

953

931

2.3

1.4

936

1.8

1.4

951.4

0.2

129.0

894

6.2

11.2

R206-100

1032

996

3.5

1.5

950

7.9

1.5

1024.8

0.7

187.8

994

3.7

18.4

R207-100

1077

1038

3.6

2.0

1033

4.1

2.0

1070.6

0.6

142.2

1015

5.8

23.5

R208-100

1117

1069

4.3

1.6

1066

4.6

1.6

1114

0.3

130.2

1061

5.0

33.7

R209-100

959

926

3.4

2.4

914

4.7

2.4

948.4

1.1

164.4

892

7.0

14.3

R210-100

991

958

3.3

1.9

975

1.6

1.9

972

1.9

170.4

929

6.3

16.3

R211-100

1051

1023

2.7

1.6

1023

2.7

1.6

1037.2

1.3

116.8

996

5.2

21.5

Avg

3.3

1.7

 

3.9

1.7

 

1.0

135.6

 

5.1

19.2

RC201-100

795

780

1.9

1.0

781

1.8

1.0

792

0.4

65.6

771

3.0

1.8

RC202-100

938

882

6.0

1.3

866

7.7

1.3

924.4

1.4

135.2

905

3.5

6.2

RC203-100

1003

960

4.3

2.7

956

4.7

2.7

983.4

2.0

138.0

947

5.6

10.3

RC204-100

1140

1117

2.0

2.3

1061

6.9

2.3

1130.8

0.8

168.8

1068

6.3

19.4

RC205-100

859

840

2.2

1.0

800

6.9

1.0

841.2

2.1

119.2

820

4.5

6.0

RC206-100

899

860

4.3

1.1

866

3.7

1.1

884.8

1.6

81.4

851

5.3

6.1

RC207-100

983

926

5.8

1.3

899

8.5

1.3

937.6

4.6

117.2

923

6.1

9.2

RC208-100

1057

1037

1.9

2.3

1015

4.0

2.3

1041.0

1.5

34.0

1008

4.6

13.3

Avg

3.6

1.6

 

5.5

1.6

 

1.8

107.4

 

4.9

9.0

PR11-48

353

330

6.5

0.3

339

4.0

0.3

351

0.6

0.7

PR12-96

442

431

2.5

0.9

432

2.3

0.9

427

3.4

2.1

PR13-144

467

450

3.6

1.9

424

9.2

1.9

436

6.6

2.7

PR14-192

567

482

15.0

1.1

499

12.0

1.1

479

15.5

6.0

PR15-240

708

638

9.9

5.3

613

13.4

5.3

616

13.0

16.4

PR16-288

674

559

17.1

4.1

562

16.6

4.1

582

13.6

13.3

PR17-72

362

346

4.4

0.2

335

7.5

0.2

363

−0.3

1.0

PR18-144

539

479

11.1

0.8

477

11.5

0.8

459

14.8

4.1

PR19-216

562

499

11.2

2.7

501

10.9

2.7

479

14.8

6.2

PR20-288

667

570

14.5

2.5

568

14.8

2.5

588

11.8

10.2

Avg

9.6

2.0

 

10.2

2.0

    

9.4

6.3

Instance-n

BKS

GA

Profit

Gap (%)

CPU (s)

C101-100

320

317

0.9

0.3

C102-100

360

360

0.0

0.3

C103-100

400

389

2.8

0.4

C104-100

420

403

4.0

0.4

C105-100

340

340

0.0

0.3

C106-100

340

340

0.0

0.3

C107-100

370

362

2.2

0.3

C108-100

370

370

0.0

0.3

C109-100

380

380

0.0

0.3

Avg

1.1

0.3

R101-100

198

189

4.5

0.2

R102-100

286

286

0.0

0.3

R103-100

293

290

1.0

0.3

R104-100

303

297

2.0

0.3

R105-100

247

244

1.2

0.2

R106-100

293

292

0.3

0.3

R107-100

299

292

2.3

0.4

R108-100

308

300

2.6

0.3

R109-100

277

270

2.5

0.3

R110-100

284

277

2.5

0.3

R111-100

297

293

1.3

0.4

R112-100

298

293

1.7

0.4

Avg

1.8

0.3

RC101-100

219

216

1.4

0.2

RC102-100

266

261

1.9

0.3

RC103-100

266

262

1.5

0.3

RC104-100

301

294

2.3

0.4

RC105-100

244

236

3.3

0.3

RC106-100

252

245

2.8

0.3

RC107-100

277

269

2.9

0.3

RC108-100

298

289

3.0

0.3

Avg

2.4

0.3

C201-100

870

848

2.5

0.8

C202-100

930

901

3.1

1.0

C203-100

960

931

3.0

1.1

C204-100

980

952

2.9

1.5

C205-100

910

893

1.9

1.0

C206-100

930

905

2.7

1.0

C207-100

930

910

2.2

1.0

C208-100

950

931

2.0

1.0

Avg

2.5

1.0

R201-100

797

760

4.6

1.2

R202-100

930

867

6.8

1.8

R203-100

1028

954

7.2

2.2

R204-100

1093

1018

6.9

2.5

R205-100

953

876

8.1

1.6

R206-100

1032

954

7.6

2.0

R207-100

1077

986

8.4

2.1

R208-100

1117

1042

6.7

2.4

R209-100

959

897

6.5

1.7

R210-100

991

915

7.7

1.8

R211-100

1051

967

8.0

2.4

Avg

7.1

2.0

RC201-100

795

768

3.4

1.3

RC202-100

938

866

7.7

1.3

RC203-100

1003

866

13.7

1.3

RC204-100

1140

1044

8.4

2.0

RC205-100

859

808

5.9

1.3

RC206-100

899

850

5.5

1.3

RC207-100

983

896

8.9

1.7

RC208-100

1057

976

7.7

1.4

Avg

7.6

1.5

Instance-n

Opt

VAN

VNS

HILS

Profit

CPU (s)

Profit

CPU (s)

Worst

Best

Avg

CPU (s)

Best

Worst

Avg

CPU (s)

C101-50

270

0.0

270

0.3

270

270

270

44.5

270

270

270

0.2

C102-50

300

1.1

300

0.3

300

300

300

65.4

290

290

290

0.2

C103-50

320

23.0

320

0.3

320

320

320

69.0

310

310

310

0.4

C104-50

340

81.4

340

0.3

330

340

340

80.7

340

340

340

0.4

C105-50

300

0.0

300

0.3

300

300

300

45.2

300

300

300

0.2

C106-50

280

0.0

280

0.2

280

280

280

39.7

280

280

280

0.2

C107-50

310

0.0

310

0.2

310

310

310

53.8

310

310

310

0.2

C108-50

320

0.2

320

0.3

320

320

320

42.7

320

320

320

0.2

C109-50

340

0.9

340

0.2

340

340

340

41.7

340

340

340

0.3

Avg CPU (s)

 

11.8

 

0.3

   

53.6

   

0.3

Adjusted CPU (s)

 

0.1

   

<11.8

   

0.1

R101-50

126

0.0

126

0.1

126

126

126

13.6

126

126

126

0.1

R102-50

198

0.7

195

0.2

198

198

198

24.5

195

195

195

0.2

R103-50

214

30.0

210

0.2

214

214

214

26.5

214

214

214

0.2

R104-50

227

152.7

227

0.3

227

227

227

29.3

227

227

227

0.3

R105-50

159

0.0

159

0.1

159

159

159

16.1

159

159

159

0.2

R106-50

208

0.6

203

0.2

208

208

208

24.8

203

203

203

0.1

R107-50

220

9.8

220

0.3

219

220

219.9

32.5

219

219

219

0.2

R108-50

227

410.6

223

0.2

227

227

227

28.2

227

227

227

0.2

R109-50

192

0.2

192

0.2

192

192

192

20.1

192

192

192

0.3

R110-50

208

1.6

208

0.2

208

208

208

23.4

208

208

208

0.2

R111-50

223

1.8

223

0.2

223

223

223

25.2

223

223

223

0.3

R112-50

226

3.1

226

0.2

226

226

226

26.0

226

226

226

0.3

Avg CPU (s)

 

50.9

 

0.2

   

24.2

   

0.2

Adjusted CPU (s)

 

0.0

   

<5.3

   

0.0

RC101-50

180

0.0

180

0.1

180

180

180

30.8

180

180

180

0.1

RC102-50

230

0.7

230

0.2

230

230

230

32.8

230

230

230

0.1

RC103-50

240

2.2

240

0.2

240

240

240

32.5

230

230

230

0.1

RC104-50

270

6.1

270

0.2

260

270

266

38.3

250

250

250

0.2

RC105-50

210

0.7

200

0.2

210

210

210

22.2

210

210

210

0.1

RC106-50

210

0.8

200

0.2

210

210

210

33.9

200

200

200

0.1

RC107-50

240

3.4

230

0.1

240

240

240

31.1

220

220

220

0.2

RC108-50

250

9.3

240

0.2

250

250

250

33.8

240

240

240

0.2

Avg CPU (s)

 

2.9

 

0.2

   

31.9

   

0.1

Adjusted CPU (s)

 

0.0

   

<7.0

   

0.0

  1. The new best solutions obtained by HILS algorithm are presented as italics numbers