Root extract of water dropwort, Oenanthe javanica (Blume) DC, induces protein and gene expression of phase I carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes in HepG2 cells

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Table 1 Changes in gene and protein expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 induced by water dropwort extracts

	CYP1A1		CYP1A2
	Gene expression (fold change)	Protein expression (fold change)	Gene expression (fold change)	Protein expression (fold change)
Control	1.00 ± 0.14^a	1.00 ± 0.17^a	1.00 ± 0.09^a	1.02 ± 0.19^a
Leaf extract	1.02 ± 0.15^a	1.31 ± 0.12^a	1.14 ± 0.20^a	1.27 ± 0.12^a
Stem extract	1.22 ± 0.16^ab	1.25 ± 0.17^a	1.38 ± 0.21^ab	1.42 ± 0.15^a
Root extract	1.68 ± 0.18^b	2.12 ± 0.16^b	2.02 ± 0.13^b	2.57 ± 0.14^b

HepG2 cells were treated with either O. javanica extracts (100 µg of extract/mL final concentration) or vehicle control (DMSO, 0.5 % final concentration, v/v) for 72 h and harvested for analyses of mRNA and protein expression. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 3). The statistical significance of the differences between the samples was calculated by one-way analysis of variance, followed by the Duncan’s multiple-range test. Changes are indicated relative to DMSO treated controls. Values labeled with the same superscript letters within a column are not significantly different