Table 4 Differences in baseline characteristics among the subgroups of carnitine administration
BMIPP SS changes <-20% (n=7) | BMIPP SS changes between ±20% (n=12) | BMIPP SS changes >+20% (n=8) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, y | 63.9 ± 11.5 | 63.3 ± 11.3 | 64.8 ± 12.0 |
Male gender, n (%) | 2 (28.6) | 7 (58.3) | 5 (62.5) |
Dialysis duration, months | 143.3 ± 89.1 | 170.6 ± 112.7 | 122.0 ± 112.6 |
Smoking, n (%) | 1 (14.3) | 3 (25.0) | 5 (62.5) |
Alcohol, n (%) | 1 (14.3) | 3 (25.0) | 4 (50.0) |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 4 (57.1) | 6 (50.0) | 4 (50.0) |
Systolic blood pressure before dialysis, mm Hg | 135.3 ± 19.4 | 134.8 ± 19.4 | 134.0 ± 18.8 |
Diastolic blood pressure before dialysis, mm Hg | 70.1 ± 14.1 | 68.9 ± 16.1 | 70.5 ± 14.7 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 21.0 ± 4.5 | 24.0 ± 4.2 | 22.9 ± 4.1 |
Cardiothoracic ratio, % | 53.9 ± 5.7 | 52.0 ± 4.5 | 54.7 ± 4.7 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 46.0 ± 8.8† | 52.3 ± 14.6 | 60.9 ± 3.1 |
Left ventricular mass index, g/m2 | 126.0 ± 35.0 | 122.4 ± 25.7 | 133.5 ± 11.0 |
Mitral early to atrial (E/A) wave velocity ratio | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 0.4 |
Blood hemoglobin, g/L | 104.9 ± 6.5 | 109.0 ± 10.8 | 103.0 ± 7.5 |
Serum albumin, g/L | 35.4 ± 2.8* | 39.4 ± 2.9 | 37.9 ± 3.5 |
Serum calcium, mmol/L | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.2 |
Serum inorganic phosphorus, mmol/L | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.5 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 |
Serum total cholesterol, mmol/L | 3.1 ± 1.0* | 4.4 ± 0.9 | 3.8 ± 0.8 |
Serum ferritin, pmol/L | 403.1 ± 198.2 | 269.6 ± 253.0 | 274.1 ± 155.7 |
Serum intact parathyroid hormone, ng/L | 78.1 ± 59.9 | 122.1 ± 15.9 | 198.6 ± 96.9 |
Serum C-reactive protein, mg/L | 4.0 ± 3.7 | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 2.0 ± 2.6 |
Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide, ng/L | 289.2 ± 245.4 | 205.6 ± 229.2 | 279.5 ± 234.1 |
HOMA-IR, mmol/L・μU/ml | 5.8 ± 2.6 | 5.4 ± 2.4 | 4.6 ± 2.0 |
BMIPP summed score | 15.1 ± 8.2 | 22.8 ± 13.2 | 16.3 ± 9.9 |
Total carnitine, μmol/L | 59.3 ± 52.7 | 58.9 ± 41.1 | 62.3 ± 59.0 |
Free carnitine, μmol/L | 36.9 ± 38.6 | 33.7 ± 23.3 | 44.1 ± 57.1 |
Acyl carnitine, μmol/L | 22.4 ± 14.4 | 25.1 ± 18.0 | 26.2 ± 31.3 |
Acyl/ free carnitine ratio | 0.72 ± 0.15 | 0.73 ± 0.15 | 0.64 ± 0.11 |
Medications | |||
α 1 blockers, n (%) | 1 (14.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (25.0) |
β blockers, n (%) | 5 (71.4) | 6 (50.0) | 6 (75.0) |
Calcium blockers, n (%) | 3 (42.9) | 2 (16.7) | 2 (25.0) |
RAS inhibitors, n (%) | 3 (42.9) | 2 (16.7) | 4 (50.0) |
Nitrates, n (%) | 1 (14.3) | 2 (16.7) | 0 (0) |
Antiplatelet drugs, n (%) | 5 (71.4) | 9 (75.0) | 4 (50.0) |
Anticoagulation drugs, n (%) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (8.3) | 3 (37.5) |
Statins, n (%) | 1 (14.3) | 4 (33.3) | 2 (25.0) |