Systemic levels of the endothelium-derived soluble adhesion molecules endocan and E-selectin in patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis

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Table 3 Unsupervised hierarchical clustering (see Figure 2 ); plasma biomarker levels (median and range) for patient in clusters with low/high frequency of DVT

Clustering: endocan, E-selectin and CRP (Figure 2 left - no DVT among patients 88–98)
Mediator	Cluster patients 88-98	Cluster patients 1-87	p-value	All 98 patients
Endocan plasma level	0.31 (0.15-0.65)	0.94 (0.04-6.2)	< 0.0001	0.82 (0.04-6.21)
E-selectin plasma level	27741 (22191–42222)	25672 (4940–60896)	ns	26286 (4940–60896)
CRP	8 (5–30)	4 (1–170)	ns	5 (1–170)
Clustering: Endocan, E-selectin, CRP, D-dimer (Figure 2 right - patients 1–29 including 18 of 21 patients with DVT)
Mediator	Cluster patients 1-29	Cluster patients 30-98	p-value	All 98 patients
Endocan plasma level	1.02 (0.04-6.21)	0.65 (0.13-4.54)	0.0102	0.82 (0.04-6.21)
E-selectin plasma level	26276 (9971–52968)	26296 (4940–60896)	ns	26286 (4940–60896)
CRP	9 (3–170)	3 (1–101)	0.0006	5 (1–170)
D-dimer	5.640 (0.90-20.00)	0.6200 (0.22-3.55)	< 0.0001	0.85 (0.22-20.00)

The Mann Whitney test was used for the statistical comparison of the two patient subsets. The concentrations are given as ng/ml for endocan, pg/ml for E-selectin and μg/ml for CRP.