Body size, modifying factors, and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in a multiethnic population: the San Francisco Bay Area Breast Cancer Study

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Table 7 Body size and risk of ER-PR- breast cancer in postmenopausal women not currently using hormone therapy

	Cases (n=135)	Controls (n=1,336)	OR^a, 95% CI	OR^b95% CI	OR^c95% CI
Current BMI(kg/m²) ^d
<25.0	34	329	1.00		1.00
25.0-29.9	46	476	0.75 0.46-1.22		0.62 0.36-1.08
≥30.0	54	523	0.72 0.45-1.16		0.58 0.30-1.14
≥30.0	54	523	P_trend = 0.21		P_trend = 0.13
Young-adult BMI (kg/m²) ^e,f
T1: ≤21.2	46	402	1.00
T2: 21.3-23.7	43	411	0.82 0.52-1.29
T3: >23.7	37	445	0.61 0.38-0.97
T3: >23.7	37	445	P_trend = 0.04
Weight gain (kg) ^g
Stable ^h	10	140	1.00	1.00
Gain, 3.0-9.9	31	291	1.38 0.65-2.93	1.47 0.69-3.16
Gain, 10.0-19.9	42	376	1.31 0.63-2.72	1.67 0.76-3.65
Gain, ≥20.0	39	401	1.05 0.50-2.19	1.45 0.60-3.48
Gain, ≥20.0	39	401	P_trend = 0.63	P_trend = 0.48
Waist (cm) ^e
T1: ≤ 85.0	28	385	1.00	1.00
T2: 85.1-96.4	40	407	1.13 0.67-1.89	1.43 0.80-5.54
T3: >96.4	48	412	1.24 0.75-2.06	1.87 0.96-3.64
T3: >96.4	48	412	P_trend = 0.41	P_trend = 0.07
Hip (cm) ^e
T1: ≤ 102.9	27	394	1.00	1.00
T2: 103.0-112.7	41	402	1.40 0.84-2.34	1.85 1.05-3.28
T3: >112.7	48	407	1.43 0.86-2.37	2.35 1.20-4.59
T3: >112.7	48	407	P_trend = 0.19	P_trend = 0.01
Waist-to-hip ratio
T1: ≤ 0.81	33	434	1.00	1.00
T2: 0.82-0.86	34	355	1.14 0.68-1.90	1.21 0.72-2.04
T3: >0.86	49	413	1.35 0.83-2.18	1.46 0.88-2.39
T3: >0.86	49	413	P_trend = 0.22	P_trend = 0.14
Waist-to-height ratio
T1: ≤ 0.54	30	372	1.00	1.00
T2: 0.55-0.61	40	410	0.98 0.59-1.63	1.19 0.66-2.17
T3: >0.61	46	422	1.05 0.63-1.73	1.44 0.72-2.87
T3: >0.61	46	422	P_trend = 0.84	P_trend = 0.30

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ER-, estrogen receptor–negative; OR, odds ratio; PR-, progesterone receptor–negative.
^a OR and 95% CI adjusted for age (years, continuous), race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, African American, Hispanic), place of birth (US-born, foreign-born), age at menarche (≤11, 12, 13, ≥14 years), and lifetime breast-feeding (nulliparous, 0, ≤6, 7–12, 13–24, ≥25 months).
^b Adjusted for above variables, and current BMI.
^c Adjusted for above variables, and weight gain.
^d Based on self-reported weight and measured height at interview (if not available, then based on measured weight at interview and/or self-reported height).
^e Based on tertiles among all postmenopausal controls.
^f Based on self-reported young-adult weight and measured height at interview (or self-reported adult height when measured height not available).
^g Self-reported weight (or measured weight at interview if self-reported weight not available) minus self-reported young-adult weight; excludes 5 cases and 55 controls who lost >3 kg of weight
^h Stable weight defined as +/- 3 kg.